Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Aug 7, 2026
09:01
Extraction and Quantification of Soluble, Radiolabeled Inositol Polyphosphates from Different Plant Species using SAX-HPLC
Published on: June 26, 2020
Los tejidos regulables por insulina expresan una proteína única de transporte de glucosa sensible a la insulina
D E James1, R Brown, J Navarro
1Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118.
Nature
|May 12, 1988
Resumen
Las células de los mamíferos tienen múltiples sistemas de transporte de glucosa. Este estudio identifica una proteína transportadora de glucosa única, regulable por insulina, específica para el músculo y el tejido adiposo, lo que sugiere que los transportadores específicos del tejido regulan la absorción de glucosa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las células de los mamíferos utilizan al menos tres sistemas distintos de transporte de glucosa.
- Se propone un cuarto sistema, el portador insulino-dependiente, para el músculo y el tejido adiposo.
- Este transportador es intracelular en las células en reposo y se mueve a la superficie al exponerse a la insulina.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la regulación hormonal del transporte de glucosa se debe a la señalización o transportadores específicos del tejido.
- Para identificar y caracterizar el transportador de glucosa en las células grasas.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollo de un anticuerpo monoclonal contra el transportador de glucosa de las células grasas.
- Identificación inmunológica de las proteínas transportadoras de glucosa en el músculo y el tejido adiposo.
Principales resultados:
- El anticuerpo monoclonal identificó una proteína única de transporte de glucosa en el músculo y el tejido adiposo.
- Esta proteína es regulable por insulina, lo que apoya su papel en el transporte de glucosa dependiente de la insulina.
Conclusiones:
- La regulación hormonal del transporte de glucosa es conferida por transportadores de glucosa específicos del tejido.
- Una proteína transportadora de glucosa única y regulable por insulina existe en el músculo y el tejido adiposo.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:26Glucose Absorption Into the Small Intestine
Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and 'exit' via the...
01:05Insulin Secretory Vesicles
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
01:15Transcytosis of IgG
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
01:25Selectins
Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
01:25Carbohydrate Absorption
Carbohydrates are essential macronutrients that serve as the body's primary energy source. Their digestion begins in the mouth, where salivary amylase partially breaks down complex carbohydrates such as starch into smaller oligosaccharides. This mechanical and enzymatic activity prepares carbohydrates for further processing in the gastrointestinal tract.
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
After being swallowed, the partially digested carbohydrates mix with gastric secretions in the stomach. However, the acidic environment...
01:27Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...
Insulin and C-peptide are co-secreted in...