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Localización de las operaciones cognitivas en el cerebro humano
M I Posner1, S E Petersen, P T Fox
1Department of Neurology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 17, 1988
Resumen
El cerebro humano localiza operaciones mentales específicas para tareas cognitivas como la lectura. Nuevos estudios de imágenes neurales y lesiones apoyan esto, mostrando cómo los cálculos locales se integran para funciones complejas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia cognitiva y neurociencia cognitiva.
- La neurobiología es la neurobiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las teorías cognitivas proponen que las operaciones mentales están localizadas en el cerebro.
- Comprender la base neuronal de las tareas cognitivas como la lectura es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la localización de las operaciones mentales en el cerebro humano.
- Para integrar hallazgos de imágenes neurales, estudios de lesiones y otros dominios cognitivos.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de datos de imágenes neuronales de tareas de lectura de palabras.
- Revisión de estudios en sujetos normales y pacientes con lesiones cerebrales.
- Síntesis de la evidencia de la investigación sobre las imágenes mentales, el tiempo y la memoria.
Principales resultados:
- La evidencia apoya la hipótesis de que regiones específicas del cerebro realizan cálculos localizados para tareas cognitivas.
- La integración de los cálculos locales es esencial para las funciones cognitivas complejas como la lectura.
- Los hallazgos de diversos dominios cognitivos convergen para apoyar la hipótesis de la localización.
Conclusiones:
- El cerebro humano emplea computaciones neuronales localizadas para operaciones mentales.
- Estas operaciones localizadas se integran para realizar tareas cognitivas complejas.
- La neuroimagen y los estudios de lesiones proporcionan evidencia convergente para este modelo.
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