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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Comparing Copy Number Variations and SNPs02:26

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Sequencing of the human genome has opened up several best-kept secrets of the genome. Scientists have identified thousands of genome variations that exist within a population. These variations can be a single nucleotide or a larger chromosomal variation.
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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Las firmas transcriptómicas en los tejidos humanos identifican la variación genética funcional rara

Nicole M Ferraro1, Benjamin J Strober2, Jonah Einson3,4

  • 1Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 11, 2020
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Los científicos desarrollaron Watershed, un nuevo modelo para identificar la función de las variantes genéticas raras (RV) mediante el análisis de la expresión génica. Este enfoque vincula miles de RVs a los efectos moleculares y los rasgos humanos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La genómica
  • Las transcripciones
  • La genética humana

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las variantes genéticas raras (RV) están muy extendidas pero son difíciles de caracterizar funcionalmente.
  • El análisis de la expresión génica ha identificado algunas RV funcionales, pero se necesita un enfoque integral.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para expandir la detección de las anomalías genéticas del transcriptoma.
  • Desarrollar un modelo que integre múltiples señales para predecir la función de la variante.
  • Evaluar el impacto de las RV en los efectos moleculares y los rasgos humanos.

Principales métodos:

  • Expresión génica analizada, expresión específica del alelo y empalme alternativo a partir de datos de secuenciación de ARN de múltiples tejidos.
  • Desarrolló Watershed, un modelo probabilístico que integra las señales genómicas y transcriptómicas.
  • Predicciones validadas utilizando cohortes adicionales y ensayos experimentales en grandes biobancos.

Principales resultados:

  • Se identificaron clases únicas de RV informadas por señales transcriptómicas distintas.
  • La cuenca hidrográfica predijo con éxito la función de la variante, vinculando miles de RV a diversos efectos moleculares.
  • Se ha demostrado una asociación entre los RV que afectan al transcriptoma y los rasgos humanos.

Conclusiones:

  • El análisis genómico y transcriptómico integrado proporciona un marco poderoso para comprender la función de las variantes raras.
  • El modelo de cuencas hidrográficas mejora la identificación de cambios moleculares y fenotípicos impulsados genéticamente.
  • Este trabajo vincula un número significativo de variantes raras con los efectos biológicos y la salud humana.