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Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges01:23

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

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A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...
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Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field01:22

Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field

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A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
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Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges01:30

Electric Field of Two Equal and Opposite Charges

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Atoms generally contain the same number of positively and negatively charged particles, protons, and electrons. Hence, they are electrically neutral. However, the centers of the positive and negative charges do not always coincide. In such a scenario, the electric field of an atom may not be zero.
A separation of the positive and negative charges can lead to a weak, remnant effect of the positive and negative charges. The expectation is that the more the distance between the positive and...
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Sources and Properties of Electric Charge01:15

Sources and Properties of Electric Charge

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All objects we see around us consist of atoms, which combine to form molecules. The lightest element in the universe is hydrogen, and a hydrogen atom consists of a positively charged proton and a negatively charged electron. The magnitude of charge that a proton and an electron carry are the same, and it is the fundamental unit of charge. In SI units, it is 1.602 times 10-19 coulomb.
Most atoms additionally constitute another fundamental particle, the neutron. It carries no electrical charge. A...
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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El qubit de cuasi carga superconductor

Ivan V Pechenezhskiy1, Raymond A Mencia1, Long B Nguyen1

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.

Nature
|September 17, 2020
PubMed
Resumen

Los investigadores presentan

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La computación cuántica
  • Circuitos superconductores
  • Átomos artificiales

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las uniones Josephson crean átomos artificiales para los qubits superconductores.
  • Los qubits existentes incluyen tipos de carga, flujo y fase/transmón.
  • La naturaleza dual de la carga y el flujo implica un tipo de qubit faltante.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir un nuevo qubit superconductor llamado "blochnium".
  • Aprovechar la respuesta aislante coherente de las uniones de Josephson.
  • Investigar las fluctuaciones de fase extendidas más allá de 2π.

Principales métodos:

  • Construye un circuito con una unión débil de Josephson desviada por una inductancia extremadamente alta.
  • Medir el espectro de excitación por radiofrecuencia.

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  • Analizar la sensibilidad del flujo y compararlo con los modelos teóricos.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Demostrar el carácter aislante único del qubit de "blochnium".
    • Observar la sensibilidad al flujo de fuga para la transición del estado de base al estado de primera excitación.
    • El espectro coincide con el mapeo de dualidad de un transmon con nuevas variables.

    Conclusiones:

    • El qubit "blochnium" es el par que falta a los qubits superconductores existentes.
    • Este descubrimiento abre nuevas vías para la dinámica cuántica macroscópica.
    • Aplicaciones potenciales en computación cuántica y metrología.