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Un circuito canónico parecido a la corteza en el cerebro anterior de las aves
Martin Stacho1,2, Christina Herold3, Noemi Rook4
1Department of Biopsychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany. martin.stacho@rub.de.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 25, 2020
Resumen
Las aves poseen notables habilidades cognitivas a pesar de carecer de una corteza cerebral similar a la de los mamíferos. Este estudio revela un circuito neuronal fundamental y repetido en el pálio aviar, lo que sugiere una base estructural compartida para la computación entre especies.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Anatomía comparada
- Cognición de las aves
Sus antecedentes:
- Las aves muestran funciones cognitivas avanzadas, desafiando los puntos de vista tradicionales de la organización del cerebro.
- Anteriormente se pensaba que la estructura del palio aviar difería significativamente de la corteza cerebral de los mamíferos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el circuito neuronal y la arquitectura de las fibras del palio aviar.
- Para comparar la organización palial de las aves con las estructuras cerebrales de los mamíferos.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó imágenes tridimensionales de luz polarizada para analizar la arquitectura de la fibra.
- Se emplean técnicas de trazado para reconstruir circuitos paliarios locales y asociativos.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó un circuito neuronal repetido en forma de columna en el hiperpálio y la cresta ventricular dorsal.
- Conexiones demostradas entre estos circuitos y columnas vecinas, así como áreas asociativas y motoras más altas.
Conclusiones:
- El palio aviar exhibe un circuito neuronal canónico análogo al cerebro de los mamíferos.
- Este circuito conservado puede ser la base de la computación neuronal compleja en las aves.
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