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Variaciones en el color y la reflectancia en la superficie del asteroide (101955) Bennu
D N DellaGiustina1,2, K N Burke3, K J Walsh4
1Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. danidg@lpl.arizona.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 9, 2020
Resumen
El color del asteroide Bennu cambia con el tiempo debido al desgaste espacial, revelando su historia geológica. Las superficies recién expuestas se vuelven más azules durante aproximadamente 100.000 años, influenciadas por la composición primordial.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias
- Geología
- Astrogeología
Sus antecedentes:
- El color de la longitud de onda visible y la reflectancia son indicadores clave de la historia geológica de la superficie planetaria.
- La superficie del asteroide cercano a la Tierra (101955) Bennu exhibe colores variables frente a un terreno global moderadamente azul.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar imágenes multiespectrales del asteroide (101955) Bennu para comprender sus variaciones de color de la superficie y los procesos geológicos.
- Para investigar los efectos de la intemperie espacial en los materiales de la superficie de Bennu y su evolución del color.
Principales métodos:
- Adquisición y análisis de imágenes multiespectrales que cubren longitudes de onda de 0,44 a 0,89 micrómetros.
- Distinguir los tipos de rocas basados en la reflexión y la textura.
- Correlacionando los cambios de color con los cráteres para estimar las escalas de tiempo.
Principales resultados:
- La superficie de Bennu muestra colores variables, con dos tipos de rocas primarias identificadas por su reflectancia y textura distintas.
- La intemperie espacial no sigue una simple progresión de rojo a azul; las superficies recién expuestas inicialmente se iluminan en el ultravioleta cercano, luego en el visible al infrarrojo cercano, lo que resulta en un color azul moderado en general.
- La escala de tiempo para estos cambios de color se estima en alrededor de 10 años, como lo indica el cráter.
Conclusiones:
- Las variaciones de reflexión y color en Bennu se atribuyen a una combinación de heterogeneidad de composición primordial y diferentes edades de exposición superficial.
- La compleja evolución del color de la superficie de Bennu proporciona información sobre los procesos de climatización espacial y la historia geológica del asteroide.
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