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La rehabilitación por accidente cerebrovascular en los países de ingresos bajos y medios: un llamado a la acción

Julie Bernhardt1, Gerard Urimubenshi2, Dorcas B C Gandhi3

  • 1Stroke Theme, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; National Health and Medical Research Council Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Lancet (London, England)
|November 1, 2020
PubMed
Resumen

La agenda de rehabilitación 2030 de la Organización Mundial de la Salud tiene como objetivo mejorar los servicios de rehabilitación a nivel mundial. Este documento pone de relieve los desafíos en la prestación de una rehabilitación eficaz del accidente cerebrovascular en los países de ingresos bajos y medios (PIBM) y propone soluciones.

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An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
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A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
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