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Arquitectura genómica de un patrón de color estacional asimilado genéticamente
Karin R L van der Burg1, James J Lewis2,3, Benjamin J Brack2
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. krv32@cornell.edu robertreed@cornell.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 6, 2020
Resumen
La asimilación genética puede fijar rasgos influenciados por el medio ambiente en una mariposa
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva
- La genética
- Plasticidad fenotípica
Sus antecedentes:
- La plasticidad del desarrollo permite a los organismos producir diferentes fenotipos en respuesta a las señales ambientales.
- La asimilación genética es un proceso en el que los rasgos plásticos se determinan genéticamente, pero sus mecanismos no se comprenden completamente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos genéticos y moleculares subyacentes a la asimilación de un fenotipo de color de alas estacional en las mariposas.
- Identificar los genes implicados en la transición de un rasgo determinado por el medio ambiente a un rasgo fijo genéticamente.
Principales métodos:
- Estudió una población de mariposas naturalmente plásticas (Junonia coenia).
- Asimiló un fenotipo de color de alas estacional a través de la cría selectiva.
- Se han realizado ensayos endocrinos y análisis de la accesibilidad y conformación de la cromatina.
- Caracterizó tres genes clave involucrados en el proceso.
Principales resultados:
- Identificaron tres genes responsables del fenotipo del color de las alas asimilado.
- Demostró que la transición implicó la selección de alelos reguladores de los genes de patrones de alas aguas abajo.
- Se demostró que esto ocurrió sin alterar los mecanismos de detección de señales ambientales.
Conclusiones:
- La asimilación genética de la plasticidad fenotípica implica la selección de los elementos reguladores de los genes del desarrollo.
- Esta ruta evolutiva permite una adaptación precisa y específica del tejido sin comprometer la detección ambiental.
- Proporciona un mecanismo para cómo los cambios inducidos por el medio ambiente pueden codificarse genéticamente.
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