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Sistemas de salud fragmentados en COVID-19: rectificar el desajuste entre la seguridad sanitaria mundial y la
Arush Lal1, Ngozi A Erondu2, David L Heymann3
1Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK; Women in Global Health, Washington, DC, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|December 4, 2020
Resumen
La fragmentada gobernanza de la salud empeoró la crisis del COVID-19. La integración de la seguridad sanitaria mundial y la cobertura sanitaria universal es crucial para los sistemas de salud resilientes y equitativos y la preparación para las pandemias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud pública
- Política de salud
- Salud global
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 expuso importantes brechas y desigualdades en la salud pública a nivel mundial.
- La fragmentación de la gobernanza de la salud obstaculizó la mitigación efectiva de la crisis durante la pandemia.
- La investigación existente a menudo pasa por alto el impacto de las estructuras de gobierno en la respuesta a las pandemias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar las respuestas del sistema de salud al COVID-19 a través de las lentes de la seguridad de salud global y la cobertura de salud universal.
- Analizar cómo las diferentes estrategias de inversión en los sistemas de salud afectan a la gestión de pandemias.
- Obtener lecciones para alinear las prioridades en el fortalecimiento de los sistemas de salud.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis comparativo de tres modelos de inversión en sistemas de salud: centrado en la seguridad sanitaria mundial, centrado en la cobertura sanitaria universal e integrado.
- Evaluación del desempeño del sistema de salud en el manejo de la pandemia de COVID-19 a través de estos modelos.
- Síntesis de recomendaciones para la futura política y gobernanza de la salud.
Principales resultados:
- Los sistemas de salud con inversiones integradas en la seguridad de la salud mundial y la cobertura universal de salud demostraron un manejo más efectivo de COVID-19.
- Las prioridades divergentes en la gobernanza fragmentada condujeron a respuestas subóptimas a la pandemia.
- El estudio identificó áreas clave para mejorar la gobernanza del sistema de salud.
Conclusiones:
- La integración de la seguridad sanitaria mundial y la cobertura sanitaria universal es esencial para una sólida preparación para las pandemias.
- Las recomendaciones se centran en la integración, la financiación, la resiliencia y la equidad de los sistemas de salud sostenibles.
- Reimaginar la gobernanza, las políticas y las inversiones es vital para la seguridad sanitaria futura y el acceso universal.
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