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Características de la salud

Carlos López-Otín¹, Guido Kroemer²

¹Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.

|December 19, 2020

Resumen

Este estudio redefine la salud más allá de la ausencia de enfermedad, centrándose en los procesos biológicos dinámicos que mantienen el equilibrio fisiológico y la resiliencia. Destaca las características clave como la compartimentación, la homeostasis y las respuestas al estrés como cruciales para el bienestar general.

Área de la Ciencia:

Fisiología
Biología de sistemas
La homeostasis

Sus antecedentes:

Las definiciones tradicionales de salud se centran en la ausencia de patología.
Una perspectiva dinámica y organizativa ofrece una comprensión más completa del bienestar fisiológico.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proponer una nueva definición de la salud basada en características organizativas y dinámicas.
Para identificar las características biológicas que mantienen la función fisiológica.

Principales métodos:

Análisis conceptual de los sistemas biológicos.
Identificación de los principales mecanismos homeostáticos y de resiliencia.

Principales resultados:

La salud se caracteriza por la compartimentación espacial, el mantenimiento de la homeostasis con el tiempo y las respuestas adecuadas al estrés.
Las características clave incluyen la integridad de la barrera, el reciclaje y la rotación, la integración del circuito, las oscilaciones rítmicas, la resistencia homeostática, la regulación hormética y la reparación / regeneración.
La alteración de estas características conduce a la patología.

Conclusiones:

La salud es un proceso activo y dinámico definido por la capacidad del sistema para mantener la integridad fisiológica.
La comprensión de estas características proporciona un marco para evaluar y promover la salud.

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