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Catalizador de Ni/α-MoC dispersado atómicamente para la producción de hidrógeno a partir de metanol/agua

Lili Lin^1,2, Qiaolin Yu¹, Mi Peng¹

¹Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|December 28, 2020

Resumen

Un nuevo catalizador de níquel en carburo de molibdeno (Ni/α-MoC) muestra una actividad excepcional para la producción de hidrógeno a través de la reformación del metanol. Este catalizador de bajo costo supera significativamente a los catalizadores de platino tradicionales, ofreciendo una solución prometedora para aplicaciones de energía de hidrógeno.

Área de la Ciencia:

Catálisis y Ciencias de los Materiales
Energía renovable y producción de hidrógeno

Sus antecedentes:

El reformado de metanol-agua es una tecnología clave para la producción y el transporte de hidrógeno (H₂).
El desarrollo de catalizadores rentables, altamente activos, selectivos y estables sigue siendo un desafío importante.

Objetivo del estudio:

Descubrir y caracterizar un nuevo catalizador para la producción eficiente de hidrógeno a partir de la reforma del metanol.
Investigar las propiedades estructurales y electrónicas del catalizador responsable de su alta actividad.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis y caracterización del níquel apoyado sobre la fase cúbica (fcc) centrada en la cara α-MoC (Ni/α-MoC).
Evaluación del rendimiento catalítico en la reacción de reformado de metanol en fase acuosa.
Análisis de la estructura del catalizador, incluida la dispersión atómica del níquel a través de enlaces puente de carbono (motivo Ni₁-C_).

Principales resultados:

El catalizador de 2% Ni/α-MoC exhibió una tasa de producción de hidrógeno aproximadamente 6 veces mayor que el catalizador convencional de 2% Pt/Al₂O₃ en condiciones optimizadas.
Se encontró que el níquel se dispersa atómicamente en α-MoC, formando motivos estables Ni₁-C_.
El motivo Ni-C y la interfaz α-MoC demostraron actividad sinérgica para la disociación del agua y la activación del metanol.

Conclusiones:

Los motivos de Ni₁-C_{dispersos atómicamente en α-MoC proporcionan una densidad de sitio activo maximizada y una alta estabilidad estructural.}
La interacción sinérgica en la interfaz Ni₁-C_{/α-MoC mejora el rendimiento catalítico para la reforma del metanol.}
Este catalizador Ni/α-MoC presenta una alternativa altamente activa y estable para la producción eficiente de hidrógeno.

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