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Simultaneous Mapping and Quantitation of Ribonucleotides in Human Mitochondrial DNA
Published on: November 14, 2017
El origen del núcleo eucariótico se determina mediante el análisis de velocidad invariante de las secuencias de ARNr
1Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Nature
|January 14, 1988
Resumen
El núcleo eucariótico probablemente evolucionó a partir de los eocitos, antiguas células termofílicas. Este hallazgo redefine la vida temprana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Astrobiología Astrobiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El origen del núcleo eucariótico sigue siendo un desafío significativo en la biología evolutiva.
- Los orgánulos eucariotas como los cloroplastos y las mitocondrias son conocidos como endosimbiontes eubacterianos, pero la ascendencia del gen nuclear no está clara debido a las sustituciones de nucleótidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reconstruir la historia evolutiva de los genes de ARNr ribosómico eucariota.
- Investigar las profundas relaciones filogenéticas entre las primeras formas de vida, incluyendo el origen de los eucariotas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó la parsimonia evolutiva, un nuevo algoritmo de árbol de tasa invariante.
- Analizó secuencias de genes de ARNr ribosómico eucariota para inferir vías evolutivas.
Principales resultados:
- Se demostró que los genes de ARNr ribosómico eucariótico han evolucionado a partir de los eocitos, un grupo de células anucleadas termofílicas que metabolizan azufre.
- Se identificó una profunda división filogenética, separando un grupo protoeucariótico (cariotas) de un grupo bacteriano (parcariotas).
- El árbol reconstruido es inconsistente con las agrupaciones procariotas-eucariotas o arqueobacterias-eubacterias-eucariotas tradicionales.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos sugieren que el último antepasado común de la vida existente y los primeros eucariotas probablemente carecían de núcleos.
- Las primeras formas de vida, incluidos los antepasados de los eucariotas, pueden haber sido termofílicas, metabolizar el azufre y vivir en entornos de alta temperatura.
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