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Procesamiento convolucional paralelo utilizando un núcleo tensor fotónico integrado
J Feldmann1, N Youngblood2,3, M Karpov4
1Institute of Physics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Nature
|January 7, 2021
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un núcleo tensor fotónico, un acelerador de hardware óptico, que realiza billones de operaciones de acumulación múltiple por segundo. Este dispositivo fotónico integrado ofrece un camino hacia un hardware de IA más rápido y escalable para aplicaciones intensivas en datos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fotónica integrada
- Computación óptica
- Hardware de inteligencia artificial
Sus antecedentes:
- El crecimiento exponencial de los datos de las redes móviles, IoT y IA requiere un hardware más rápido y eficiente.
- Limitaciones actuales de hardware en velocidad y escalabilidad para procesar conjuntos de datos masivos.
- Necesidad de aceleradores de hardware especializados para tareas de IA computacionalmente intensivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para demostrar un acelerador de hardware fotónico integrado computacionalmente específico (núcleo tensor).
- Para lograr la computación en memoria paralela de alta velocidad utilizando tecnologías fotónicas.
- Explorar el potencial de la fotónica integrada para el futuro hardware de IA.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrolló un núcleo tensor fotónico utilizando matrices de memoria de cambio de fase.
- Se emplean peines de frecuencia óptica basados en chips fotónicos (micro peines de solitón) para el cálculo.
- Reducción de la computación para medir la transmisión óptica a través de componentes pasivos reconfigurables.
Principales resultados:
- Se han logrado velocidades operativas de billones de operaciones de multiplicación y acumulación por segundo (tera-MACs/s).
- Ancho de banda de cálculo demostrado superior a 14 gigahertz, limitado por las velocidades del modulador y el fotodetector.
- Mostró un camino hacia la integración a escala de obleas CMOS del núcleo tensor fotónico.
Conclusiones:
- El núcleo tensor fotónico representa un avance significativo en el hardware de computación óptica.
- La fotónica integrada ofrece una solución prometedora para la computación de IA paralela, rápida y eficiente.
- La tecnología tiene aplicaciones potenciales en conducción autónoma, procesamiento de video en vivo y computación en la nube.
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