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Establecimiento y dinámica del linaje de la epidemia de SARS-CoV-2 en el Reino Unido

Louis du Plessis¹, John T McCrone², Alexander E Zarebski¹

¹Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 9, 2021

Resumen

La secuenciación genómica reveló más de 1000 linajes de coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) en el Reino Unido. El bloqueo redujo la diversidad de linajes, y los linajes más grandes persistieron más tiempo.

Área de la Ciencia:

La genómica
Epidemiología
Virología

Sus antecedentes:

El Reino Unido experimentó una importante epidemia de COVID-19 a principios de 2020.
El muestreo genómico extenso del coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV-2) proporcionó una visión detallada de la epidemia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para analizar la estructura de linaje genético a gran escala de la epidemia de COVID-19 en el Reino Unido.
Cuantificar el tamaño, los orígenes y la persistencia de distintos linajes de transmisión de SARS-CoV-2 utilizando datos genómicos.

Principales métodos:

Análisis filogenético de 50,887 genomas de SARS-CoV-2, incluidos 26,181 del Reino Unido.
Integración de datos epidemiológicos y de viajes con información genómica.

Principales resultados:

Se identificaron más de 1000 linajes distintos de SARS-CoV-2, impulsados por fluctuaciones en las tasas de importación.
Los linajes introducidos antes del cierre nacional eran generalmente más grandes y más extendidos.
Después del bloqueo, la importación de linajes y la diversidad regional disminuyeron, y la eliminación de linajes dependió del tamaño.

Conclusiones:

El análisis del linaje genético proporciona información crítica sobre la dinámica de transmisión del COVID-19.
Comprender el comportamiento del linaje es crucial para las estrategias efectivas de control de epidemias.

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