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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

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A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
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Neuron Structure01:31

Neuron Structure

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Overview
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Neuron Structure01:30

Neuron Structure

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Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to...
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The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Neuronal Communication01:28

Neuronal Communication

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Neurons, the fundamental units of the brain and nervous system, communicate through complex electrochemical signals that underpin all cognitive and bodily functions. This communication is primarily facilitated by a process involving the generation and propagation of an action potential along the axon of the neuron. When the internal electrical charge of a neuron surpasses a certain threshold, an action potential is triggered. This rapid change in voltage travels swiftly along the axon to the...
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Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites01:23

Neurons: The Cell Body and the Dendrites

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A typical nerve cell comprises three main components: the cell body, dendrites, and the axon. The cell body, also known as the soma or perikaryon, serves as the central biosynthetic hub housing a nucleus surrounded by cytoplasm containing organelles commonly found in most cells. Notably, Nissl bodies, clusters of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes responsible for protein synthesis, are distinctive features of the neuronal cell body. As neurons age, aggregates of a brown pigment...
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Correlative light and electron microscopy reveals the fine circuit structure underlying evidence accumulation in larval zebrafish.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings
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Electrophysiological and Morphological Characterization of Neuronal Microcircuits in Acute Brain Slices Using Paired Patch-Clamp Recordings

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Estructura y función de una sinapsis neocortical

Simone Holler1, German Köstinger1, Kevan A C Martin1

  • 1Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Nature
|January 14, 2021
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores relacionaron el tamaño de la sinapsis con la fuerza de transmisión en el cerebro del ratón. Este hallazgo ayuda a conectar la estructura neuronal con la función cerebral y revela que las sinapsis neocorticales son más complejas de lo que se entendía anteriormente.

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Last Updated: Nov 21, 2025

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia
  • Plasticidad sináptica
  • Conectómicas

Sus antecedentes:

  • La microscopía electrónica ha permitido la reconstrucción detallada de los circuitos neuronales.
  • Comprender la relación entre la estructura y la función sináptica sigue siendo un desafío clave en la neurociencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre el tamaño de la sinapsis y la fuerza de transmisión fisiológica.
  • Para determinar el número de sitios de liberación de neurotransmisores en las sinapsis neocorticales.

Principales métodos:

  • Electrofisiología de corte combinada con luz correlacionada y microscopía electrónica de alta resolución.
  • Los contactos sinápticos analizados entre las neuronas piramidal conectadas sinápticamente en la corteza somatosensorial del ratón.

Principales resultados:

  • Se encontró una relación lineal entre el tamaño de la sinapsis y la fuerza de transmisión.
  • El análisis cuántico indicó un promedio de al menos 2,7 sitios de liberación de neurotransmisores por sinapsis.
  • Las sinapsis neocorticales exhiben liberación multivesicular, lo que sugiere una mayor complejidad.

Conclusiones:

  • El tamaño de la sinapsis es un predictor confiable de la fuerza sináptica, que une la conectividad estructural y funcional.
  • Las sinapsis neocorticales son unidades computacionales más complejas que las modeladas anteriormente.
  • Los hallazgos amplían la comprensión del poder computacional dentro de los microcircuitos corticales.