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Updated: Nov 17, 2025

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Quiescencia orogénica en la edad media de la Tierra

Ming Tang1, Xu Chu2, Jihua Hao3,4

  • 1Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belt and Crustal Evolution, MOE; School of Earth and Space Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China. mingtang@pku.edu.cn.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 12, 2021
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Resumen

La historia de la construcción de montañas de la Tierra revela la corteza más gruesa en el Arcaico y el Fanerozoico. El Proterozoico vio una reducción de la actividad montañosa debido a los supercontinentes, lo que potencialmente obstaculizaba la evolución de la vida.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Geología
  • Geoquímica
  • Paleontología

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los cinturones de montaña son cruciales para el ciclo de nutrientes, influyendo en la denudación y la hidrología.
  • Comprender los procesos de construcción de montañas a largo plazo es clave para la evolución de la superficie de la Tierra.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para reconstruir la historia de la construcción de montañas usando proxies geoquímicos.
  • Investigar la relación entre el grosor de la corteza continental y la actividad orogénica en el tiempo geológico.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó anomalías de europio en los zircones detritales como un sustituto para rastrear la construcción de montañas.
  • Variaciones analizadas en el espesor activo de la corteza continental a través de eones geológicos.

Principales resultados:

  • El grosor de la corteza continental alcanzó su punto máximo en los eones Arcaico y Fanerozoico.
  • El eón Proterozoico exhibió una disminución continua en el grosor de la corteza, con una orogénesis mínima.
  • La quietud orogénica prolongada en el Proterozoico está vinculada al supercontinente Nuna-Rodinia.

Conclusiones:

  • Los ciclos supercontinentales impactan significativamente la estructura térmica del manto y la fuerza litosférica, influyendo en la formación de montañas.
  • La falta de construcción significativa de montañas en el Proterozoico puede haber llevado a la limitación de nutrientes oceánicos y al estancamiento del progreso evolutivo.