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Lecciones urgentes de COVID 19: por qué el mundo necesita un sistema permanente y coordinado y una financiación
Nicole Lurie1, Gerald T Keusch2, Victor J Dzau3
1Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, Oslo, Norway; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|March 12, 2021
Resumen
El ecosistema de investigación y desarrollo ha mejorado para la preparación para la pandemia, como lo demuestra el rápido desarrollo de vacunas y tratamientos contra la COVID-19. Sin embargo, la financiación global y otras áreas clave necesitan mejoras para un sistema de respuesta verdaderamente eficaz.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación y desarrollo en enfermedades infecciosas
- Seguridad de la salud mundial
- Innovación biofarmacéutica
Sus antecedentes:
- El ecosistema de investigación y desarrollo (I+D) se ha adaptado para incluir enfermedades infecciosas pandémicas, informadas por brotes recientes.
- La pandemia de COVID-19 destacó los éxitos en el desarrollo acelerado de vacunas y terapias, nuevos ensayos clínicos y fabricación y autorización rápidas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar las lagunas restantes en el ecosistema de I+D para la preparación y respuesta a las pandemias.
- Proponer prioridades para mejorar la eficiencia y la rapidez de los procesos de I+D.
- Hacer hincapié en la necesidad urgente de abordar estas brechas en medio de las crisis sanitarias mundiales en curso.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de la evolución del ecosistema de I+D en la última década.
- Evaluación de los resultados de I+D durante la pandemia de COVID-19.
- Identificación de las áreas críticas que requieren mejora, incluida la financiación global y las ciencias facilitadoras.
Principales resultados:
- Progreso significativo en investigación y desarrollo, demostrado por el rápido desarrollo y despliegue de contramedidas médicas en un año durante COVID-19.
- Existen lagunas persistentes en el establecimiento de un sistema integral de preparación y respuesta de I+D plenamente eficiente y eficaz.
- Las áreas clave que necesitan mejorar incluyen los mecanismos de financiación global, las ciencias facilitadoras y los procesos de desarrollo de productos.
Conclusiones:
- Si bien se han logrado avances, un ecosistema de I+D verdaderamente robusto para la respuesta a la pandemia requiere un mayor desarrollo.
- Abordar las brechas críticas, especialmente en la financiación mundial, es primordial para la preparación para futuras pandemias.
- Se necesita una acción urgente y concertada para fortalecer la infraestructura de I+D contra las devastadoras consecuencias sanitarias, sociales y económicas de las pandemias.
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