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Tandem In₂O₃-Pt/Al₂O₃ catalizador para el acoplamiento de la deshidrogenación del propano a la combustión selectiva

Huan Yan¹, Kun He², Izabela A Samek³

¹Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 19, 2021

Resumen

La catálisis en tándem logra la deshidrogenación selectiva del propano al propileno utilizando una nueva nanoestructura In2O3 sobre Pt. Este método permite una combustión eficiente de hidrógeno, superando las limitaciones de equilibrio para una reacción industrial clave.

Área de la Ciencia:

Catálisis heterogénea
Los nanomateriales
Ingeniería de la reacción química

Sus antecedentes:

La catálisis en tándem ofrece un procesamiento químico mejorado mediante el acoplamiento de múltiples reacciones.
El control espacio-temporal preciso de los intermediarios reactivos en la catálisis en tándem sigue siendo un desafío importante.
La deshidrogenación del propano (PDH) es un proceso industrial importante, pero es difícil lograr una alta selectividad y rendimiento.

Objetivo del estudio:

Desarrollar una nanoestructura para el control preciso en catálisis en tándem.
Demostrar la deshidrogenación selectiva del propano en el propileno utilizando un nuevo sistema catalítico.
Para superar las limitaciones de los enfoques catalíticos tradicionales para esta reacción.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizó deposición de capa atómica para cultivar óxido de indio (In2O3) sobre platino apoyado en alumina (Pt/Al2O3).
La nanoestructura resultante fue probada para la deshidrogenación de propano y la combustión selectiva de hidrógeno.
Se realizaron estudios comparativos con nanoestructuras alternativas (Pt en In2O3, mezclado Pt/In2O3).

Principales resultados:

La nanoestructura In2O3 sobre Pt/Al2O3 permitió reacciones secuenciales a través de la transferencia de átomos de hidrógeno superficiales, logrando un PDH selectivo al propileno.
Este enfoque de catálisis en tándem combustiona selectivamente el hidrógeno utilizando In2O3, evitando una combustión excesiva de hidrocarburos.
Las nanoestructuras alternativas dieron como resultado una combustión preferencial de propano, lo que pone de relieve la importancia de la geometría específica.

Conclusiones:

La geometría de recubrimiento a nanoescala es crucial para lograr la catálisis selectiva en tándem.
Este método proporciona una deshidrogenación oxidativa rápida y estable del propano con altos rendimientos por paso.
El enfoque de catálisis en tándem demostrado es una estrategia viable para un rendimiento altamente selectivo en reacciones catalíticas desafiantes.

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