Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Nov 9, 2025
07:55
Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies
Published on: August 29, 2017
12.0K
La evolución del SARS-CoV-2 en un huésped inmunocomprometido revela mecanismos de escape de neutralización
Sarah A Clark1, Lars E Clark1, Junhua Pan1
1Department of Microbiology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|April 8, 2021
Resumen
Las mutaciones en la proteína de punta RBD del SARS-CoV-2 pueden ayudar al virus a evadir las respuestas comunes de anticuerpos. Estos hallazgos son críticos para comprender la eficacia a largo plazo de las vacunas y terapias dirigidas a las proteínas de punta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología
- Inmunología
- Biología estructural
Sus antecedentes:
- Las personas desarrollan respuestas de anticuerpos similares al SARS-CoV-2.
- El dominio de unión al receptor (RBD) de la proteína del pico viral (S) es un objetivo clave para neutralizar los anticuerpos.
- Comprender la evolución viral contra las respuestas inmunes comunes es crucial para desarrollar contramedidas efectivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar cómo evoluciona el RBD del SARS-CoV-2 bajo la presión inmune de las respuestas comunes de anticuerpos.
- Identificar mutaciones específicas que confieran resistencia a los anticuerpos neutralizantes.
- Evaluar las implicaciones de estas mutaciones para la eficacia de las contramedidas dirigidas al S.
Principales métodos:
- Estudió la evolución viral en un individuo inmunocomprometido persistentemente infectado.
- Se utilizó el análisis estructural de anticuerpos Fab/RBD para predecir mutaciones de resistencia.
- Se emplean ensayos de pseudotipos para confirmar la resistencia de anticuerpos conferida por mutaciones identificadas.
- Resistencia probada contra anticuerpos de donantes convalecientes y anticuerpos monoclonales utilizados clínicamente.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron mutaciones de la proteína S RBD en etapa tardía que confieren resistencia a una clase común de anticuerpos neutralizantes del SARS-CoV-2.
- Resistencia demostrada contra suero policlonal de múltiples donantes convalecientes sanos y contra anticuerpos monoclonales clínicamente relevantes.
- Se encontró que la maduración de la afinidad no es esencial para la neutralización del virus de tipo salvaje, pero es crítica para la amplitud de la neutralización.
Conclusiones:
- Las mutaciones identificadas en las variantes evolucionadas del SARS-CoV-2 pueden conferir resistencia a los anticuerpos ampliamente neutralizantes.
- Estos hallazgos predicen la aparición de variantes resistentes a los anticuerpos y tienen implicaciones significativas para la eficacia a largo plazo de las vacunas y terapias dirigidas a la proteína del pico SARS-CoV-2.
- El estudio destaca la interacción dinámica entre la evolución viral y la respuesta inmune del huésped.
Palabras clave:
El COVID-19En el caso del SARS-CoV-2maduración por afinidadNeutralización de anticuerposhuésped inmunocomprometidoEscape de la neutralizaciónLas variantes de preocupaciónMás Videos Relacionados
14:23A Restriction Enzyme Based Cloning Method to Assess the In vitro Replication Capacity of HIV-1 Subtype C Gag-MJ4 Chimeric Viruses
Published on: August 31, 2014
15.9K
10:25Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
Published on: June 5, 2021
5.0K
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
00:36Viral Mutations
36.8K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
36.8K
01:29Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
1.2K
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
1.2K
01:05Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.2K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.2K
00:57Viral Recombination
24.3K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.3K
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
1.1K
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
1.1K
01:26Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
889
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
889