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Observación directa del entrelazamiento macroscópico determinista
Shlomi Kotler1,2, Gabriel A Peterson3,2, Ezad Shojaee3,2
1National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO 80305, USA. shlomi.kotler@mail.huji.ac.il.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 7, 2021
Resumen
Los investigadores lograron el entrelazamiento cuántico entre dos cabezas de tambor mecánicas macroscópicas. Este avance en la mecánica cuántica permite nuevas posibilidades para la detección y las redes cuánticas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La mecánica cuántica
- Fenómenos cuánticos macroscópicos
- Optomecánica
Sus antecedentes:
- El entrelazamiento cuántico es un fenómeno donde las partículas exhiben un comportamiento correlacionado, independientemente de la distancia.
- Observar el entrelazamiento en sistemas macroscópicos es un desafío debido al aumento de la masa y los estrictos requisitos de medición.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para enredar de manera determinista dos sistemas mecánicos macroscópicos.
- Para demostrar el entrelazamiento cuántico en micro objetos con masa significativa.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó electromecánica pulsada para el control y la medición precisos.
- Realizó mediciones casi cuánticas de las cuadraturas de posición e impulso.
- Empleado tomografía de estado cuántico para verificar el entrelazamiento.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró con éxito el entrelazamiento cuántico entre dos cabezas de tambor mecánicas de 70 picogramos.
- Enredo observado directamente a través de la tomografía de estado cuántico.
- Control demostrado sobre los sistemas mecánicos macroscópicos en el nivel cuántico.
Conclusiones:
- Los sistemas macroscópicos entrelazados abren nuevas vías para las pruebas fundamentales de la mecánica cuántica.
- Estos sistemas pueden mejorar las capacidades de detección más allá del límite cuántico estándar.
- Son adecuados para su uso como nodos robustos en futuras redes cuánticas.
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