Jove
Visualize
Contáctanos
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ACERCA DE JoVE
Visión GeneralLiderazgoBlogCentro de Ayuda JoVE
AUTORES
Proceso de PublicaciónConsejo EditorialAlcance y PolíticasRevisión por ParesPreguntas FrecuentesEnviar
BIBLIOTECARIOS
TestimoniosSuscripcionesAccesoRecursosConsejo Asesor de BibliotecasPreguntas Frecuentes
INVESTIGACIÓN
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchivo
EDUCACIÓN
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualCentro de Recursos para ProfesoresSitio de Profesores
Términos y Condiciones de Uso
Política de Privacidad
Políticas

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

7.3K
The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.
7.3K
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition01:11

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

4.2K
Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is...
4.2K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.6K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.6K
Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism01:18

Benzene to 1,4-Cyclohexadiene: Birch Reduction Mechanism

2.4K
Birch reduction uses solvated electrons as reducing agents. The reaction converts benzene to 1,4-cyclohexadiene. The reaction proceeds by the transfer of a single electron to the ring to form a benzene radical anion. This anion is highly basic—it abstracts a proton from the alcohol to form a cyclohexadienyl radical. Another single electron transfer gives the cyclohexadienyl anion. A proton transfer from the alcohol forms 1,4-cyclohexadiene. Since this reduction occurs via radical anion...
2.4K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

5.2K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
5.2K
Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination01:27

Radical Substitution: Allylic Bromination

5.9K
In organic synthesis, the formation of products can be altered by changing the reaction conditions. For example, a dibromo addition product is formed when propene is treated with bromine at room temperature. In contrast, propene undergoes allylic substitution in non-polar solvents at high temperatures to give 3-bromopropene. In order to avoid the addition reaction, the bromine concentration must be kept as low as possible throughout the reaction. This can be achieved using N-bromosuccinimide...
5.9K

También podría leer

Artículos Relacionados

Artículos vinculados a este trabajo por autores compartidos, revista y gráfico de citas.

Ordenar por
Same author

Chiral-Ligand-Modulated Nickel-Catalyzed Stereoselective Radical Migratory C2-Arylation of Carbohydrates.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Cobalt-Catalyzed Radical Ligand Transfer (RLT) Enables Remote-Markovnikov Hydroamination of Alkenes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Divergent and precise alkaloid remodelling with a small suite of reactions.

Nature chemistry·2026
Same author

Directed Evolution of Threonine Aldolases for the Photobiocatalytic Synthesis of β-Branched-α-Tetrasubstituted and Other Noncanonical Amino Acids.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Catalyst-Controlled Chemodivergent Carbene Transfer Reactions With Bicyclo[1.1.0]butane-Derived Acceptor Metallocarbenes.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

A Cu(I)-catalysed click reaction generates ROS-triggered cleavable linkages in aqueous media.

Nature chemistry·2026

Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Nov 6, 2025

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.4K

El rutenabenceno: un precatalizador robusto

Saswata Gupta1, Siyuan Su1, Yu Zhang2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 7, 2021
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores desarrollaron nuevos rutenabenzenos, un tipo de metalbenceno, y demostraron su actividad catalítica. Estos compuestos sirven como una nueva plataforma para el desarrollo de catalizadores avanzados para la metástasis y otras transformaciones químicas.

Más Videos Relacionados

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
10:39

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

8.1K
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

8.0K

Videos de Experimentos Relacionados

Last Updated: Nov 6, 2025

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.4K
Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction
10:39

Heterogeneous Removal of Water-Soluble Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst from Aqueous Media Via Host-Guest Interaction

Published on: August 23, 2018

8.1K
Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor
07:12

Synthesis and Evaluation of a Ruthenium-based Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor

Published on: October 26, 2017

8.0K

Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química organometálica
  • Catálisis
  • Estudios de aromatización

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los metalaromáticos, como los metalabenzenos, son compuestos aromáticos que contienen metales de transición.
  • Existen preocupaciones con respecto a la caracterización estructural y la aromaticidad de los metalbenzenos en comparación con los análogos de carbono.
  • Los compuestos metálicos aromáticos basados en metales de transición tienen potencial en la catálisis, pero siguen estando poco desarrollados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar una estrategia para la generación de diversos rutenabenzenos.
  • Demostrar que los rutenabenzenos son equivalentes aromáticos de los catalizadores de alquileno de rutenio tipo Grubbs.
  • Explorar los rutenabenzenos como una nueva plataforma para el desarrollo de catalizadores.

Principales métodos:

  • Síntesis de rutenabenzenos mediante una metátesis enina y una cascada de desplazamiento metalotrópico [1,3].
  • Caracterización mediante datos espectroscópicos y cristalográficos de rayos X.
  • Estudios mecanicistas que emplean cálculos de DFT.

Principales resultados:

  • Generación exitosa de varios rutenabenzenos.
  • Confirmación de la naturaleza aromática de los complejos sintetizados.
  • Demostración de una actividad catalítica robusta en las metástasis y otras transformaciones.

Conclusiones:

  • Los rutenabenzenos son compuestos estructuralmente y teóricamente significativos.
  • Los metalebenzenos representan una plataforma novedosa y prometedora para el desarrollo de nuevos catalizadores.
  • Los rutenabenzenos desarrollados funcionan como equivalentes aromáticos efectivos de catalizadores conocidos.