Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 4, 2026

10:44
Single Cell Multiplex Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction After Patch-clamp
Published on: June 20, 2018
10.1K
Una taxonomía de los tipos de células transcriptómicas a través de la formación isocórtex e hipocampo
Zizhen Yao1, Cindy T J van Velthoven1, Thuc Nghi Nguyen1
1Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Cell
|May 18, 2021
Resumen
El isocórtex del cerebro de los mamíferos y la formación del hipocampo (HPF) comparten una organización celular común, revelando tipos de neuronas homólogas. Este estudio mapea su arquitectura molecular, impactando la comprensión del desarrollo y la función del cerebro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- Biología celular
- La genómica
Sus antecedentes:
- El isocórtex y la formación del hipocampo (HPF) son cruciales para las funciones cerebrales de los mamíferos como la percepción, la cognición, la emoción y el aprendizaje.
- Comprender la diversidad celular y la organización de estas regiones del cerebro es fundamental para la neurociencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para crear una taxonomía de tipo celular transcriptómica completa del isocórtex de ratón adulto y HPF.
- Investigar la organización celular y la relación evolutiva entre el isocórtex y el HPF.
- Para identificar variaciones a gran escala en los tipos de células a través de estas estructuras cerebrales.
Principales métodos:
- Secuenciación de ARN unicelular de aproximadamente 1,3 millones de células del isocórtex de ratón adulto y de HPF.
- Análisis bioinformático para obtener una taxonomía de tipo celular transcriptómica.
- Análisis comparativo de los repertorios de tipo celular entre el isocórtex y el HPF.
Principales resultados:
- Se estableció un catálogo exhaustivo de los tipos de neuronas glutamatérgicas y GABAérgicas en el isocórtex y en el HPF.
- Contrariamente a las opiniones anteriores, se encontró que el HPF poseía tipos de neuronas glutamatérgicas homólogas a las del isocórtex de seis capas.
- Se identificaron variaciones continuas y graduadas de tipos celulares a lo largo de la profundidad cortical, a través de la hoja cortical y dentro del hipocampo y el subiculum.
Conclusiones:
- El isocórtex y el HPF comparten una organización de circuitos subyacente común, desafiando las visiones tradicionales de la simplicidad del HPF.
- Este estudio proporciona una arquitectura molecular para el isocórtex y el HPF de los mamíferos.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen información sobre el desarrollo, la evolución, la conectividad y la función de estas estructuras cerebrales críticas.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Transcription
138.2K
Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
138.2K
Transcription Factors
70.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
70.6K
Transcription
23.9K
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
23.9K
General Transcription Factors
5.9K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
5.9K
Forced Transdifferentiation
1.5K
Transdifferentiation, also known as lineage reprogramming, was first discovered by Selman and Kafatos in 1974 in silkmoths. They observed that the moths’ cuticle-producing cells transformed into salt-producing cells. Many such cases of natural transdifferentiation occur in organisms. In humans, pancreatic alpha cells can become beta cells. In newts, the loss of the eye’s lens causes the pigmented epithelial cells to transdifferentiate into the lens cells.
Artificial...
Artificial...
1.5K
Cell Diversity
5.4K
The concept of a cell started with microscopic observations of dead cork tissue by Robert Hooke in 1665. Hooke coined the term "cell" based on the resemblance of the small subdivisions in the cork to the rooms that monks inhabited, called cells. About ten years later, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek became the first person to observe the living and moving cells under a microscope. In the century that followed, the theory that cells represented the basic unit of life developed.
Multicellular...
Multicellular...
5.4K

