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Alta carga de átomos individuales de metales de transición en los catalizadores de calogenuro
Jianwei Zheng1, Konstantin Lebedev1, Simson Wu1
1Wolfson Catalysis Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 21, 2021
Resumen
Los calogenuros dopados con metales de transición ofrecen propiedades catalíticas únicas para aplicaciones energéticas. Un nuevo método de deposición logra una dispersión de un solo átomo alta y estable en calogenuros 2D, mejorando la eficiencia de hidrogenación de CO2.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Catálisis
- Nanotecnología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los calogenuros dopados con metales de transición son catalizadores cruciales para las transformaciones petroquímicas y energéticas.
- La dispersión homogénea de los metales en las superficies de los calogenuros es vital para maximizar la utilización de los átomos en la catálisis.
- Los métodos existentes se enfrentan a desafíos para lograr una alta carga metálica con dispersión uniforme.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar e investigar un método de deposición para la preparación de átomos únicos de metales de transición en calogenuros 2D.
- Para explorar el rendimiento catalítico de estos catalizadores de un solo átomo en la hidrogenación de CO2.
- Para comprender la interacción entre átomos de metal individuales y el soporte de calogenuro.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un método de deposición que incluye complejos de metales de transición coordinados de tiurea.
- Los átomos preparados de varios metales de transición (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ru) en calogenuros en 2D (MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, WSe2).
- Se emplearon técnicas avanzadas de caracterización para analizar la dispersión del metal y la interacción con el soporte.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtiene una alta carga metálica (hasta un 10% en peso) con una dispersión homogénea de átomos de metal de transición.
- Se han observado fuertes interacciones entre átomos individuales y aniones/vacíos superficiales, evitando la aglomeración.
- Se ha demostrado una actividad intrínseca y una estabilidad superiores para el Fe dispersado atómicamente en MoS2 en la hidrogenación de CO2 en comparación con los clústeres de Fe.
Conclusiones:
- El método de deposición desarrollado permite la preparación de catalizadores de átomos únicos de metal de transición altamente dispersos en calogenuros 2D.
- El Fe atómico en MoS2 exhibe un rendimiento catalítico mejorado para la hidrogenación de CO2, destacando el beneficio de la dispersión de un solo átomo.
- Este enfoque ofrece una vía prometedora para el diseño de catalizadores avanzados para transformaciones químicas relacionadas con la energía.
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