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Mitocitosis, un proceso de control de calidad mitocondrial mediado por el migrasoma
Haifeng Jiao1, Dong Jiang1, Xiaoyu Hu1
1State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Centre for Life Sciences, Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structure, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Cell
|May 28, 2021
Resumen
La mitocitosis, un nuevo proceso de control de calidad mitocondrial, elimina las mitocondrias dañadas a través de los migrasomas en las células migratorias. Este mecanismo mantiene la salud mitocondrial y la viabilidad celular, especialmente en los neutrófilos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular
- Biología mitocondrial
- Mecanismos de control de la calidad
Sus antecedentes:
- Mantener la calidad mitocondrial es crucial para la salud celular.
- Las mitocondrias dañadas deben limpiarse eficientemente para prevenir la disfunción celular.
- Las vías de control de calidad existentes pueden no abordar completamente el aclaramiento mitocondrial en las células migratorias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y caracterizar un nuevo proceso de control de calidad mitocondrial.
- Para aclarar el mecanismo por el cual las mitocondrias dañadas se eliminan de las células migratorias.
- Investigar la relevancia fisiológica de este proceso en el mantenimiento de la función celular y la viabilidad.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron modelos de cultivo celular bajo condiciones de estrés mitocondrial leve.
- Investigó el papel de los migrasomas en el transporte y eliminación de las mitocondrias dañadas.
- Se analizó el potencial de membrana mitocondrial (MMP) y la respiración mitocondrial.
- Estudios in vivo realizados con neutrófilos para evaluar la relevancia fisiológica.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó la "mitocitosis" como un proceso mediado por el migrasoma para limpiar las mitocondrias dañadas.
- Se demostró que las mitocondrias dañadas se transportan a los migrasomas y se eliminan de las células migratorias.
- Se demostró que la mitocitosis protege contra la pérdida de MMP y la respiración mitocondrial bajo estrés.
- Encontró que el bloqueo de la mitocitosis afecta a la MMP y la respiración incluso en condiciones normales.
- Confirmó la necesidad de la mitocitosis para mantener el MMP y la viabilidad en los neutrófilos in vivo.
Conclusiones:
- La mitocitosis es un nuevo y esencial mecanismo de control de calidad mitocondrial en las células migratorias.
- Este proceso combina la homeostasis mitocondrial con la dinámica de la migración celular.
- La mitocitosis es crítica para mantener el metabolismo energético celular y la viabilidad celular en general.
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