El dolor nociplástico: hacia una comprensión de las condiciones de dolor prevalentes
Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Nov 3, 2025
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An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain PPOP
Published on: January 27, 2010
21.6K
Mary-Ann Fitzcharles1, Steven P Cohen2, Daniel J Clauw3
1Department of Rheumatology and Alan Edwards Pain Management Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 1, 2021
Resumen
El dolor nociplástico es una categoría de dolor recientemente definida, distinta del dolor nociceptivo y neuropático. Reconocer el dolor nociplástico es crucial para un tratamiento efectivo, ya que responde de manera diferente a las terapias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Investigación del dolor
- La neurociencia
- Tratamiento clínico del dolor
Sus antecedentes:
- El dolor nociplástico es una categoría de dolor distinta, separada del dolor nociceptivo (daño tisular) y el dolor neuropático (daño nervioso).
- Sus mecanismos subyacentes implican un procesamiento aumentado del sistema nervioso central (SNC) y una modulación alterada del dolor.
- Los síntomas incluyen dolor generalizado que excede el daño tisular y problemas relacionados con el SNC como fatiga y trastornos del estado de ánimo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Definir y diferenciar el dolor nociplástico de otras categorías de dolor.
- Resaltar la importancia de reconocer el dolor nociplástico para las estrategias terapéuticas adecuadas.
Principales métodos:
- Definición conceptual y diferenciación basada en el entendimiento mecanicista.
- Análisis sintomológico clínico.
- Comparación de la respuesta terapéutica.
Principales resultados:
- El dolor nociplástico se caracteriza por un dolor desproporcionado al daño identificable y los síntomas derivados del SNC.
- Puede ocurrir de forma independiente (por ejemplo, fibromialgia) o con otros tipos de dolor (por ejemplo, dolor lumbar crónico).
- Esta categoría de dolor muestra una respuesta reducida a los tratamientos periféricos como los antiinflamatorios o los opioides.
Conclusiones:
- El dolor nociplástico representa una tercera categoría de dolor distinta.
- La identificación precisa es vital para guiar las decisiones de tratamiento.
- Los métodos terapéuticos deben diferir de los utilizados para el dolor nociceptivo o neuropático.
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