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Prevalencia global de los ríos y arroyos no perennes

Mathis Loïc Messager^1,2, Bernhard Lehner³, Charlotte Cockburn^4,5

¹Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. mathis.messager@mail.mcgill.ca.

|June 17, 2021

Resumen

Los ríos no perennes, que periódicamente dejan de fluir, son más comunes que los ríos permanentes, que constituyen el 51-60% de los ríos mundiales en longitud. Este hallazgo pone de relieve la necesidad de incluir el flujo intermitente en los esfuerzos de gestión y conservación de los ríos.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del agua dulce
Hidrología
Ecología
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

Las aguas que fluyen son cruciales para la biodiversidad, los ciclos biogeoquímicos y las sociedades humanas.
Los ríos permanentes están bien estudiados, pero los ríos no perennes (aquellos que periódicamente dejan de fluir) a menudo se pasan por alto.
Este descuido puede conducir a la degradación de los recursos hídricos vitales para millones de personas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para predecir la prevalencia global de los ríos no perennes.
Desafiar los conceptos existentes de los ríos destacando la importancia de la intermitencia del flujo.
Proporcionar una base para una mejor gestión de los recursos mundiales de agua dulce.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó datos globales sobre hidrología fluvial, clima, geología y cobertura de la tierra.
Desarrolló modelos predictivos para estimar la extensión de la intermitencia del flujo del río.
Mapeó la distribución global de los ríos y arroyos no perennes.

Principales resultados:

Se predijo que el 51-60% de los ríos del mundo por longitud dejan de fluir durante al menos un día al año.
Demostró que los ríos no perennes existen en todos los climas, biomas y continentes.
Demostró que los ríos intermitentes son la norma, no la excepción.

Conclusiones:

Un cambio de paradigma es necesario en la ciencia del agua dulce para incorporar la intermitencia del flujo en los conceptos de los ríos.
Comprender y gestionar los ríos no perennes es fundamental para la biodiversidad global y el bienestar humano.
El mapeo de los ríos intermitentes es un paso crucial para abordar los desafíos en la ciencia del agua dulce.

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