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Efecto de la atención asistida por la enfermera en el control del dolor en mujeres sometidas a cesárea: un estudio
Samar El Hams1, Noor El Najar1, Khaled Abu El-Aish2
1Nursing Department, Al Helal Al Emirati hospital, Rafah, Gaza Strip, occupied Palestinian territory.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 6, 2021
Resumen
El cuidado asistido por la enfermera mejoró el manejo del dolor en las mujeres después del parto por cesárea. Este enfoque redujo las puntuaciones de dolor y la necesidad de analgésicos, ofreciendo una mejor recuperación postoperatoria.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Obstetricia y ginecología
- Cuidados de enfermería
- Tratamiento del dolor
Sus antecedentes:
- El dolor después del parto por cesárea afecta la recuperación, aumentando los riesgos de dolor crónico, dependencia de opiáceos y depresión posparto.
- El control eficaz del dolor es crucial para la recuperación funcional después de los partos por cesárea.
- La atención asistida por enfermeras para el dolor agudo después del parto por cesárea era inexplorada en Gaza.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la eficacia de la atención asistida por la enfermera en el tratamiento del dolor agudo después del parto por cesárea.
- Comparar la atención asistida por la enfermera con la atención habitual para el control del dolor postoperatorio.
- Evaluar el impacto en el uso de analgésicos y los resultados informados por los pacientes.
Principales métodos:
- Un estudio comparativo realizado en Gaza de marzo a octubre de 2018.
- 108 mujeres que se sometieron a una cesárea fueron asignadas al azar a la atención asistida por una enfermera o a la atención habitual.
- El dolor, las solicitudes de analgésicos, las náuseas, los vómitos, la sedación y el prurito se evaluaron durante 24 horas.
Principales resultados:
- El cuidado asistido por la enfermera redujo significativamente las puntuaciones de dolor a las 12 y 18 horas después del parto por cesárea.
- El tiempo hasta la primera solicitud de analgésico fue más corto en el grupo de atención asistida por la enfermera.
- Menos mujeres en el grupo de cuidados asistidos por la enfermera necesitaron una segunda dosis de analgésico.
Conclusiones:
- La atención asistida por la enfermera demuestra una analgesia superior en comparación con la atención habitual para las mujeres después del parto por cesárea.
- Se recomienda una mayor investigación multicéntrica para explorar los efectos a largo plazo y la implementación óptima de la atención asistida por la enfermera.
- Este estudio destaca un nuevo enfoque para mejorar la recuperación postoperatoria en pacientes con cesárea.
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