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Amazonia como fuente de carbono relacionada con la deforestación y el cambio climático

Luciana V Gatti^1,2, Luana S Basso³, John B Miller⁴

¹General Coordination of Earth Science (CGCT), National Institute for Space Research (INPE), São José dos Campos, Brazil. luciana.gatti@inpe.br.

|July 15, 2021

Resumen

El Amazonas

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del medio ambiente
Química de la atmósfera
Ecología

Sus antecedentes:

Las selvas tropicales del Amazonas son un sumidero de carbono global crítico.
La deforestación y el cambio climático están reduciendo esta capacidad.
La región puede estar en transición hacia una fuente neta de carbono.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el presupuesto de carbono de la Amazonia.
Para identificar los impulsores de su desplazamiento del sumidero de carbono a la fuente.
Analizar las diferencias regionales en las emisiones de carbono.

Principales métodos:

Se han realizado 590 mediciones de perfiles verticales de aeronaves.
Dióxido de carbono y monóxido de carbono medidos en la baja troposfera.
Se utilizaron datos de cuatro sitios amazónicos (2010-2018).

Principales resultados:

El este de la Amazonia muestra mayores emisiones totales de carbono que el oeste, impulsadas por las emisiones de incendios.
El sureste de la Amazonia funciona como una fuente neta de carbono.
La intensificación de las estaciones secas y el aumento de la deforestación se correlacionan con mayores emisiones de carbono y estrés en el ecosistema.

Conclusiones:

El cambio climático y la deforestación están aumentando las emisiones de carbono de la Amazonía.
El este de la Amazonia, particularmente el sureste, es una fuente significativa de carbono.
El estrés del ecosistema, la incidencia de incendios y la mortalidad de los árboles están aumentando debido a estas tendencias.

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