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Calentamiento global de la atmósfera superior en Júpiter por las auroras polares
J O'Donoghue1,2, L Moore3, T Bhakyapaibul3
1Department of Solar System Science, JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Sagamihara, Japan. jameso@ac.jaxa.jp.
Nature
|August 5, 2021
Resumen
Júpiter también.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias
- Física de la atmósfera
- Física del espacio
Sus antecedentes:
- La atmósfera superior de Júpiter es inesperadamente caliente, con la deposición de energía auroral concentrada en las regiones polares.
- Los modelos de circulación global sugieren que la energía auroral está atrapada en latitudes altas, lo que impulsa el estudio de fuentes de calor alternativas como la gravedad y las ondas acústicas.
- Los estudios anteriores carecían de datos de alta resolución en todo el planeta para determinar los gradientes de temperatura de Júpiter y las fuentes de calor dominantes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los gradientes de temperatura global de Júpiter en la atmósfera superior.
- Para identificar la fuente de calor primaria responsable de la distribución de la temperatura atmosférica de Júpiter.
- Para probar la hipótesis de la redistribución de la energía auroral frente al calentamiento por ondas de la atmósfera inferior.
Principales métodos:
- La espectroscopia infrarroja de Júpiter se realizó con alta resolución espacial (2 grados de latitud y longitud).
- Las observaciones cubrieron todo el planeta desde el polo hasta el ecuador.
- El análisis de datos se centró en el mapeo de gradientes de temperatura e identificación de estructuras térmicas a gran escala.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró que las temperaturas disminuían constantemente desde las regiones polares aurorales hacia el ecuador.
- Se observó una estructura a escala planetaria de alta temperatura durante un período de mayor actividad del viento solar, que potencialmente se propaga desde la aurora.
- Estos hallazgos desafían los modelos anteriores y sugieren un vínculo entre la actividad auroral y las temperaturas atmosféricas globales.
Conclusiones:
- La atmósfera superior de Júpiter se calienta predominantemente por la redistribución de energía de los procesos aurorales.
- La energía auroral no está completamente atrapada en latitudes altas, pero influye en las temperaturas en todo el planeta.
- Este estudio proporciona evidencia observacional crucial para el mecanismo de transferencia de energía dominante en la atmósfera de Júpiter.
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