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Metafábrica de morfología jerárquica para refrigeración pasiva diurna escalable
Shaoning Zeng1, Sijie Pian2, Minyu Su1
1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 6, 2021
Resumen
Los nuevos meta tejidos ofrecen una gestión térmica personal eficaz para combatir el cambio climático. Estos textiles avanzados proporcionan un enfriamiento significativo, superando a los tejidos tradicionales para aplicaciones más amplias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Ingeniería textil
- La termodinámica
Sus antecedentes:
- El cambio climático global requiere soluciones avanzadas de gestión térmica personal.
- El enfriamiento radiativo pasivo ofrece un enfoque sostenible para mitigar el estrés por calor.
- Las tecnologías existentes a menudo carecen del rendimiento o la escalabilidad para una adopción generalizada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y evaluar metatelas tejidas a gran escala para el enfriamiento radiativo pasivo.
- Demostrar la capacidad del material para una gestión térmica personal eficaz.
- Evaluar la viabilidad comercial y las ventajas de rendimiento de los meta-tejidos desarrollados.
Principales métodos:
- Fabricación de metatelas tejidas con diseño de morfología jerárquica.
- Caracterización de las propiedades ópticas (emisividad y reflectividad).
- Evaluación de las propiedades mecánicas (resistencia, impermeabilidad, transpirabilidad).
- Pruebas in situ del rendimiento de refrigeración con respecto a los tejidos comerciales.
Principales resultados:
- Los meta tejidos alcanzaron una alta emisividad (94,5%) en la ventana atmosférica y una alta reflectividad (92,4%) en el espectro solar.
- El material exhibe una resistencia mecánica deseable, impermeabilidad y transpirabilidad adecuadas para la ropa.
- Las pruebas prácticas mostraron un efecto de enfriamiento de aproximadamente 4,8°C inferior al del tejido de algodón.
- Se confirmaron las rutas de fabricación textil industrial escalables.
Conclusiones:
- Los meta tejidos desarrollados demuestran un alto rendimiento para el enfriamiento radiativo pasivo.
- Estos materiales ofrecen una solución rentable y escalable para la gestión térmica personal.
- La tecnología presenta ventajas significativas para las prendas inteligentes, los textiles inteligentes y las estrategias más amplias de adaptación al cambio climático.
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