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Reprogramación de medicamentos de pequeñas moléculas dirigidos a proteínas a ARN por reclutamiento de ribonucleasa
Peiyuan Zhang1, Xiaohui Liu1, Daniel Abegg1
1Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 13, 2021
Resumen
La reutilización del fármaco Dovitinib para atacar el precursor microRNA-21 (pre- miR-21) mejoró dramáticamente la selectividad. Esta nueva quimera degradó el pre-miR-21, aliviando la enfermedad en modelos de ratón.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica
- Biología molecular
- Descubrimiento de drogas
Sus antecedentes:
- La reprogramación de fármacos existentes para nuevos objetivos, especialmente el ARN, presenta importantes desafíos de selectividad.
- Los inhibidores de la tirosina quinasa del receptor (RTK) como el Dovitinib interactúan con las proteínas diana, pero su unión al ARN es menos explorada.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la unión de Dovitinib a las estructuras de ARN.
- Para diseñar racionalmente un compuesto quimérico para la degradación del ARN dirigido.
- Mejorar la selectividad para el precursor microARN-21 (pre-miR-21) y evaluar el potencial terapéutico.
Principales métodos:
- Interacciones de unión estudiadas entre pliegues de ARN y fármacos de moléculas pequeñas.
- Se ha identificado la unión de Dovitinib a la pre-miR-21.
- Diseñado un compuesto quimérico utilizando Dovitinib como un elemento de reconocimiento de ARN vinculado a RNasa L.
- Actividad y selectividad evaluadas del compuesto en modelos celulares y en ratones.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontró que el dovitinib se une a la pre-miR-21.
- El compuesto quimérico demostró un cambio de selectividad de 2500 veces para el pre-miR-21 con respecto a los objetivos RTK canónicos.
- La quimera indujo efectivamente la degradación catalítica del pre-miR-21.
- Se observó eficacia terapéutica en modelos de ratón con cáncer de mama triple negativo y síndrome de Alport.
Conclusiones:
- La degradación dirigida del ARN a través de compuestos quiméricos puede lograr una alta selectividad, incluso a través de diferentes tipos de biomoléculas (proteína versus ARN).
- Este enfoque ofrece una estrategia prometedora para desarrollar nuevas terapias contra enfermedades impulsadas por la sobreexpresión de ARN específico.
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