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La insolación desencadenó un debilitamiento abrupto de la circulación atlántica al final de los interglaciales

Q Z Yin¹, Z P Wu^2,3, A Berger²

¹Georges Lemaître Center for Earth and Climate Research, Earth and Life Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. qiuzhen.yin@uclouvain.be.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|August 27, 2021

Resumen

Los registros paleoclimáticos muestran un enfriamiento abrupto en los extremos interglaciales. Un umbral crítico de disminución de la insolación astronómica desencadena este enfriamiento al debilitar la circulación atlántica, impulsada por las retroalimentaciones del hielo marino.

Área de la Ciencia:

Paleoclimatología
Dinámica del clima
La oceanografía

Sus antecedentes:

Los registros paleoclimáticos revelan eventos de enfriamiento abrupto que marcan el final de los períodos interglaciales.
Los mecanismos precisos que impulsan estos cambios climáticos abruptos siguen siendo incompletamente entendidos.
Comprender estas transiciones es crucial para predecir el comportamiento climático futuro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el papel de la insolación astronómica en el desencadenamiento de cambios climáticos abruptos al final de los interglaciales.
Identificar el umbral crítico de insolación que inicia cambios climáticos significativos.
Para aclarar los mecanismos de retroalimentación involucrados en estos eventos de enfriamiento abrupto.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó simulaciones avanzadas de modelos climáticos para explorar escenarios de terminación interglaciales pasados.
Analizó el impacto de diferentes niveles de insolación inducida astronómicamente en el clima global.
Investigó la sensibilidad de la circulación meridional del Atlántico (AMOC) a los cambios de insolación.

Principales resultados:

Identificó un umbral crítico de insolación por debajo del cual se producen cambios climáticos abruptos.
Se ha demostrado que la disminución de la insolación al alcanzar este umbral desencadena un debilitamiento significativo del AMOC.
Se observó que este debilitamiento conduce a un estado climático global más frío con una alta variabilidad de amplitud durante milenios.
Destacó el papel crucial de las retroalimentaciones del hielo marino en los mares nórdico y labradorense.

Conclusiones:

Existe un umbral fundamental en la insolación que rige el final de los períodos interglaciales.
Los cambios de insolación forzados astronómicamente, actuando en este umbral, pueden desestabilizar abruptamente el sistema climático.
El mecanismo identificado que involucra el debilitamiento del AMOC y las retroalimentaciones del hielo marino proporciona una explicación sólida para las terminaciones interglaciales abruptas.

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