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Coactivación cooperativa de agua e hipoclorito por un complejo no hemo-diironio
James N McPherson1, Christopher J Miller2, Christina Wegeberg1
1Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5320 Odense M, Denmark.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 7, 2021
Resumen
Este estudio introduce un nuevo catalizador de hierro que activa el hipoclorito para una remediación eficiente del agua. El catalizador evita los subproductos dañinos y degrada efectivamente los contaminantes orgánicos, ofreciendo un nuevo enfoque para el tratamiento del agua.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química de coordinación
- Química del medio ambiente
- Catálisis
Sus antecedentes:
- Los complejos de hierro se exploran para aplicaciones catalíticas en el tratamiento del agua.
- El hipoclorito es un desinfectante común, pero puede dar lugar a subproductos indeseables.
- El desarrollo de catalizadores selectivos y robustos para la degradación de contaminantes es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la reacción de un complejo de hierro (III) con hipoclorito para generar especies reactivas de hierro de alta valencia.
- Para aclarar un nuevo mecanismo de activación supramolecular de hipoclorito por un complejo de bicarbonato de hierro.
- Demostrar la aplicación catalítica de este sistema para la oxidación de contaminantes orgánicos en el agua.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis cinético de la reacción entre el complejo de hierro-tpena y la hipoclorita.
- Caracterización espectroscópica (Mössbauer, EPR) y cálculos DFT para determinar la especiación del hierro.
- Experimentos de oxidación catalítica con metaldehído y formato como contaminantes modelo.
Principales resultados:
- Formación de las especies reactivas de alto valor [FeIV(O) ((tpena) ]+ a partir del complejo hierro ((III) -tpena e hipoclorito.
- Se propone la activación supramolecular de hipoclorito por un complejo de diironio con puente de bicarbonato.
- Oxidación catalítica exitosa del metaldehído y mineralización del formato, con el cloruro como único subproducto.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema Fe-tpena permite una nueva coactivación de agua e hipoclorito, protegiendo el catalizador y evitando las reacciones secundarias radicales.
- Este mecanismo de activación es ventajoso para la oxidación del enlace C-H en el agua, evitando la formación de compuestos clorados tóxicos.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen nuevos conocimientos sobre el diseño de catalizadores a base de hierro para tecnologías adicionales eficaces de saneamiento y desinfección del agua.
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