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Dinámica de salto hidráulico por encima de las tormentas de supercélula
Morgan E O'Neill1, Leigh Orf2,3, Gerald M Heymsfield3,4
1Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 13, 2021
Resumen
Las tormentas eléctricas más fuertes crean plumas de cirros por encima del yunque (AACP) actuando como montañas, inyectando vapor de agua significativo en la estratosfera. Este proceso tiene un impacto en el ozono y el clima.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias atmosféricas
- Meteorología
- Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Las plumas de cirro por encima del yunque (AACP) están vinculadas a fuertes tormentas eléctricas de supercélula.
- La hidratación estratosférica de AACP tiene un papel incierto en el agotamiento del ozono y el calentamiento global.
- La comprensión de la formación de AACP es crucial para el modelado climático.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos físicos detrás de la generación de plumas de cirros por encima del yunque.
- Para cuantificar el potencial de inyección de vapor de agua estratosférico por las supercélulas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizamos simulaciones de grandes remolinos para modelar la formación del AACP.
- Resultados de simulación corroborados con las observaciones de radar.
- Analizó la interacción entre el exceso de convección y el flujo estratosférico.
Principales resultados:
- La parte superior de una supercélula actúa como un obstáculo topográfico.
- Un salto hidráulico se forma en la tropopausa, análogo a las tormentas de viento inducidas por las montañas.
- La inyección simulada de vapor de agua en la estratosfera puede superar las 7 toneladas por segundo.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio aclara el mecanismo de generación de AACP a través de un salto hidráulico de tropopausa.
- Las tormentas eléctricas supercélulas pueden hidratar significativamente la estratosfera inferior.
- Los hallazgos destacan un proceso clave que afecta la química y el clima de la estratosfera.
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