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Gran emisión de CO2 de los incendios australianos en 2019-2020 restringida por satélite

Ivar R van der Velde^1,2, Guido R van der Werf³, Sander Houweling^4,3

¹SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands. I.R.van.der.Velde@sron.nl.

|September 16, 2021

Resumen

Los incendios forestales del sureste de Australia de 2019-2020 liberaron un significativo dióxido de carbono. Los datos satelitales revelaron que las emisiones eran más del doble de las estimaciones anteriores, destacando el impacto del cambio climático en las retroalimentaciones de carbono impulsadas por el fuego.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias del medio ambiente
Química de la atmósfera
Ciencias del clima

Sus antecedentes:

El sureste de Australia experimentó fuegos forestales severos en el verano de 2019-2020.
Estos incendios liberaron grandes cantidades de dióxido de carbono atmosférico.
Las estimaciones de emisiones existentes son inciertas y varían hasta en un factor de cuatro.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para proporcionar estimaciones de emisiones más precisas para los incendios forestales australianos de 2019-2020.
Limitar las emisiones de dióxido de carbono y monóxido de carbono mediante observaciones por satélite y métodos analíticos.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó observaciones satelitales de monóxido de carbono.
Empleó una técnica analítica de inversión bayesiana.
Relaciones incorporadas observadas entre el dióxido de carbono emitido y el monóxido de carbono.

Principales resultados:

Las emisiones estimadas de dióxido de carbono de noviembre de 2019 a enero de 2020 fueron de 715 teragramas (rango de 517867 Tg).
Esta estimación es más del doble de la de cinco inventarios de incendios diferentes.
Los hallazgos son consistentes con los análisis de abajo hacia arriba del episodio de fuego.

Conclusiones:

Los incendios forestales de 2019-2020 tuvieron un impacto sustancial en los niveles de dióxido de carbono atmosférico.
El cambio climático es un factor importante de estos incendios extremos.
Las estimaciones precisas de las emisiones son cruciales para comprender las retroalimentaciones de carbono y clima generadas por los incendios.

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