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Application of Elemental Lanthanides in the Selective C-F Activation of Trifluoromethylated Benzofulvenes Providing Access to Various Difluoroalkenes
Published on: July 28, 2018
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Interruptor de selectividad en el agua en microgotas en la síntesis de 1,2,3-triazol a partir de fluoruro de
Dmitry B Eremin1, Valery V Fokin1
1The Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, 1002 Childs Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-3502, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 4, 2021
Resumen
La realización de reacciones orgánicas en microgotas de agua mediante un método de pulverización dual altera la selectividad química. Este enfoque "en el agua" permite vías de reacción únicas que no se ven en los disolventes orgánicos tradicionales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Química orgánica
- Química Física
- Ingeniería Química
Sus antecedentes:
- El agua influye significativamente en las tasas de reacción orgánica y la selectividad.
- La realización de reacciones "en el agua" presenta oportunidades para controlar la reactividad química.
- Los entornos de microgotas generados a través de penachos de nebulizador ofrecen condiciones de reacción únicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el cambio de quimioselectividad "en agua" en la formación de triazol.
- Explorar la influencia de la interfaz agua/orgánico en los resultados de las reacciones.
- Para optimizar la eficiencia de la reacción en condiciones de dos fases.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando un nebulizador de pulverización doble para generar microgotas de agua para las reacciones.
- Comparación de las vías de formación de triazol en las microgotas de agua frente a los disolventes orgánicos.
- Investigación de los efectos de la variación del pH y del óxido de deuterio (D2O) en los resultados de la reacción.
Principales resultados:
- El entorno "sobre el agua" en el rociado dual facilita la eliminación de H-SO2F de los intermedios de triazolina.
- Por el contrario, las reacciones en disolventes orgánicos producen exclusivamente la eliminación de HBr.
- Se descubrió que las interacciones entre el agua y los compuestos orgánicos son cruciales para la eficiencia de la reacción.
Conclusiones:
- El microambiente único de las microgotas de agua puede controlar la quimioselectividad en las reacciones orgánicas.
- La nebulización por pulverización doble proporciona un método eficaz para la síntesis "en agua" con una selectividad alterada.
- Los fenómenos de interfaz juegan un papel crítico en la optimización de las reacciones "en el agua".
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