Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Oct 17, 2025

11:14
Detection of Low Copy Number Integrated Viral DNA Formed by In Vitro Hepatitis B Infection
Published on: November 7, 2018
18.5K
Diez milenios de evolución del virus de la hepatitis B
Arthur Kocher1,2,3, Luka Papac2,3, Rodrigo Barquera2,3
1Transmission, Infection, Diversification and Evolution Group, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Resumen
El antiguo ADN del virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) revela sus orígenes hace unos 20.000 años. Las primeras migraciones de agricultores probablemente extendieron el VHB por toda Eurasia, con un genotipo G raro que persiste hoy en día.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleovirología
- La genómica antigua
- Estudios de las migraciones humanas
Sus antecedentes:
- El virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) es una preocupación significativa para la salud mundial, sin embargo, su historia evolutiva y sus antiguos patrones de dispersión siguen siendo poco conocidos.
- Comprender la diversidad pasada del VHB es crucial para comprender su impacto a largo plazo en las poblaciones humanas y la salud pública.
- Los datos genómicos de restos humanos antiguos ofrecen una ventana única a la epidemiología histórica de enfermedades infecciosas como el VHB.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
Viral Mutations
35.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
35.1K
Viruses with RNA Genomes
235
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
235
Retroviruses
12.9K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.9K
Retrovirus Life Cycles
47.7K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
47.7K
Viruses of Archaea
176
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
176
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
254
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
254

