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Un análogo de Júpiter orbitando una estrella enana blanca

J W Blackman^1,2, J P Beaulieu^3,4, D P Bennett^5,6

¹School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia. joshua.blackman@utas.edu.au.

|October 14, 2021

Resumen

Los astrónomos han descubierto un planeta de masa de Júpiter orbitando una estrella enana blanca, confirmando que los planetas pueden sobrevivir a la evolución estelar. Este hallazgo apoya las teorías de que muchas enanas blancas albergan compañeros planetarios.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias exoplanetarias
Evolución estelar
Sistemas de Enanas Blancas

Sus antecedentes:

Los restos planetarios pueden sobrevivir a la evolución estelar en enanas blancas, pero los planetas intactos rara vez se detectan.
Las simulaciones sugieren que los planetas similares a Júpiter pueden sobrevivir órbitas cercanas alrededor de estrellas de hasta 8 masas solares.
La confirmación observacional de planetas sobrevivientes alrededor de las enanas blancas ha estado faltando.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para buscar y caracterizar cuerpos planetarios alrededor de estrellas enanas blancas.
Proporcionar evidencia observacional para la supervivencia de los planetas a través de la evolución estelar.
Para probar las predicciones sobre la prevalencia de compañeros planetarios alrededor de las enanas blancas.

Principales métodos:

Utilizó observaciones en el infrarrojo cercano del Observatorio Keck para el evento de microlente MOA-2010-BLG-477Lb.
Análisis de datos de microlentes para detectar y caracterizar los cuerpos celestes en el sistema.
Determinó la masa y los parámetros orbitales de la enana blanca anfitriona y su planeta.

Principales resultados:

Se identificó una estrella análoga blanca (0,53 ± 0,11 masas solares).
Un planeta de masa de Júpiter (1.4 ± 0.3 masas de Júpiter) fue detectado orbitando la enana blanca.
El planeta tiene una amplia separación (2.8 ± 0.5 unidades astronómicas en el plano del cielo), lo que implica un gran semieje mayor.

Conclusiones:

Este sistema proporciona la primera evidencia observacional de un planeta que sobrevive a las fases gigante y gigante asintótico de la evolución de su estrella anfitriona.
Los hallazgos apoyan las predicciones teóricas de que más de la mitad de todas las enanas blancas pueden poseer compañeros planetarios jovianos.
El sistema descubierto sirve como un análogo para el futuro estado del Sol y Júpiter en nuestro Sistema Solar.

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