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Fotoquímica de HOSO₂ y SO₃ y implicaciones para la producción de ácido sulfúrico

Javier Carmona-García^1,2, Tarek Trabelsi³, Antonio Francés-Monerris⁴

¹Institut de Ciència Molecular, Universitat de València, València 46071, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|November 2, 2021

Resumen

El trióxido de azufre (SO3) y los radicales hidroxisulfonilo (HOSO2) son fundamentales para la producción de ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4). La fotodisociación de HOSO2 puede reducir las tasas de H2SO4 en la estratosfera, mientras que la estabilidad de SO3 es crucial para la formación de ácido en la atmósfera superior.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química de la atmósfera
La fotoquímica
Ciencias del medio ambiente

Sus antecedentes:

El ácido sulfúrico (H2SO4) es un componente importante de la lluvia ácida.
El trióxido de azufre (SO3) y el radical hidroxisulfonilo (HOSO2) son productos intermedios críticos en la producción atmosférica de H2SO4.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para determinar las propiedades fotoquímicas de SO3 y HOSO2.
Evaluar el impacto de su reactividad inducida por la luz en los mecanismos de generación de lluvia ácida.
Para aclarar su papel en la formación estratosférica de H2SO4.

Principales métodos:

Se emplearon metodologías químicas cuánticas de alto nivel.
Se investigaron las propiedades fotoquímicas y la reactividad inducida por la luz.
Se simularon las condiciones estratosféricas para evaluar la fotodisociación y la fotostabilidad.

Principales resultados:

La fotodisociación de HOSO2 produce principalmente radicales hidroxilo (•OH) y dióxido de azufre (SO2) en la estratosfera.
Esta fotodisociación puede reducir las tasas de producción de H2SO4 en regiones atmosféricas con bajo nivel de O2.
El SO3 exhibe fotostabilidad en condiciones estratosféricas.

Conclusiones:

La fotodisociación de HOSO2 puede influir en las tasas de producción de H2SO4 en capas atmosféricas específicas.
La eficiencia de eliminación del SO3 fotostable es crítica para comprender la formación de H2SO4 en la atmósfera superior.
La investigación adicional sobre los mecanismos de eliminación de SO3 es esencial para el modelado atmosférico preciso.

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