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Los niños y el COVID-19 en las escuelas
Shamez N Ladhani1,2,
1Immunisation and Countermeasures Division, Public Health England, London, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|November 4, 2021
Resumen
La escolarización presencial, con medidas de seguridad, ofrece más ventajas para los niños que los riesgos planteados por el COVID-19. Estos hallazgos apoyan la continuación de la educación presencial durante la pandemia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Pediatría
- Salud pública
- Epidemiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La pandemia de COVID-19 interrumpió significativamente la educación tradicional.
- Las preocupaciones sobre la seguridad de los niños y la continuidad educativa eran primordiales.
- Se desarrollaron estrategias de mitigación para permitir operaciones escolares seguras.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Evaluar el equilibrio entre riesgos y beneficios de la escolarización presencial para los niños.
- Evaluar el impacto de las medidas de mitigación del COVID-19 en la seguridad escolar.
- Proporcionar recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para la política educativa.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura existente sobre el COVID-19 pediátrico.
- Análisis de los datos de transmisión en entornos escolares con medidas de mitigación aplicadas.
- Evaluación comparativa de los riesgos del aprendizaje presencial frente al aprendizaje a distancia.
Principales resultados:
- Los niños experimentaron tasas más bajas de COVID-19 grave en comparación con los adultos.
- Las estrategias efectivas de mitigación (enmascaramiento, ventilación, pruebas) redujeron significativamente la transmisión en la escuela.
- Los beneficios educativos y de desarrollo de la escolarización presencial fueron sustanciales.
Conclusiones:
- Los beneficios del aprendizaje presencial, cuando se acompaña de medidas adecuadas para mitigar el COVID-19, superan los riesgos asociados para los niños.
- Se recomienda continuar la escolarización presencial para apoyar el desarrollo y el bienestar del niño.
- Las políticas de salud pública deben dar prioridad a entornos escolares seguros.
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