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Kr-h1 mantiene distintos neurotranscriptomas específicos de la casta en respuesta a las hormonas reguladas
Janko Gospocic1, Karl M Glastad2, Lihong Sheng2
1Epigenetics Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Urology and Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Cell
|November 5, 2021
Resumen
La plasticidad conductual en las hormigas está regulada por las hormonas y el gen Kr-h1. Kr-h1 mantiene distintos estados cerebrales, influyendo en los comportamientos y rasgos de los trabajadores y jugadores.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neuroetología
- Comportamiento social de los insectos
- Endocrinología
Sus antecedentes:
- La plasticidad del comportamiento es crucial para la supervivencia de los animales, lo que permite la adaptación a entornos cambiantes.
- Las hormigas saltadoras de Harpegnathos exhiben una notable plasticidad conductual, con individuos capaces de hacer la transición entre los roles de trabajadoras y jugadoras (como reinas).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos moleculares que subyacen a los distintos estados de comportamiento en los cerebros de las hormigas adultas.
- Identificar las hormonas clave y los factores de transcripción involucrados en el mantenimiento de los estados cerebrales del trabajador frente al jugador.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó manipulaciones sociales y moleculares en hormigas saltadoras de Harpegnathos vivas.
- Empleó cultivos neuronales de hormigas para estudiar respuestas celulares y moleculares.
- Investigó las funciones de la ecdisona, la hormona juvenil y el gen Kr-h1.
Principales resultados:
- La ecdisona y la hormona juvenil inducen diferencias cerebrales moleculares y funcionales entre los trabajadores y los gamergates.
- El represor transcripcional Kr-h1 es dirigido a diferentes genes objetivo por estas hormonas.
- El agotamiento de Kr-h1 conduce a la regulación de genes "socialmente inapropiados", desdibujando las distinciones entre trabajadores y jugadores.
- La pérdida de la función Kr-h1 resulta en la manifestación de comportamientos de los trabajadores en gamergates y rasgos de gamergate en los trabajadores.
Conclusiones:
- Kr-h1 actúa como un factor de transcripción crítico en el mantenimiento de estados cerebrales adultos distintos.
- Las hormonas socialmente reguladas establecen estos estados cerebrales, con Kr-h1 asegurando su estabilidad.
- Este mecanismo destaca cómo los estados y comportamientos del cerebro adulto pueden ser regulados dinámicamente en insectos sociales.
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