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Observación de la localización de muchos cuerpos Stark sin desorden
1Joint Quantum Institute and Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science, University of Maryland and NIST, College Park, MD, USA. wmorong@umd.edu.
Nature
|November 18, 2021
Resumen
Los investigadores demuestran la localización de muchos cuerpos Stark (MBL) en un simulador cuántico de iones atrapados, mostrando que MBL puede ocurrir sin trastorno. Este hallazgo revela nuevas posibilidades para preservar los estados cuánticos no térmicos y la ingeniería de la materia cuántica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La física cuántica
- Mecánica estadística
- Física de la materia condensada
Sus antecedentes:
- La termialización es un proceso común donde los sistemas cuánticos alcanzan el equilibrio.
- La localización de muchos cuerpos (MBL) puede prevenir la termialización, preservando los estados no térmicos.
- Anteriormente se pensaba que el trastorno era esencial para la LMB, pero las teorías recientes sugieren lo contrario.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Realizar y demostrar experimentalmente el MBL Stark en un sistema cuántico de muchos cuerpos.
- Investigar las propiedades clave de Stark MBL, incluida la detención de la térmica y la propagación de la correlación.
- Explorar la creación de sistemas libres de desorden con regiones coexistentes térmicas y no térmicas.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó un simulador cuántico de iones atrapados para diseñar interacciones de espín iónico.
- Aplicamos un gradiente de campo efectivo para simular el efecto Stark.
- Control de un solo lugar para medir las correlaciones y observar el equilibrio.
Principales resultados:
- Se realizó con éxito Stark MBL en la configuración experimental.
- Se observó la detención de la termialización y la propagación lenta de la correlación, característica de MBL.
- Demostró la creación de sistemas libres de desorden con regiones térmicas y no térmicas distintas.
Conclusiones:
- Stark MBL puede ocurrir en sistemas cuánticos de muchos cuerpos sin desorden, ampliando la comprensión de MBL.
- Los hallazgos desafían las suposiciones fundamentales sobre los requisitos para la termialización.
- Este trabajo tiene implicaciones para la ingeniería de la materia cuántica no equilibrada de larga duración.
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