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The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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Emisión de sonido y aniquilaciones en un colisionador de vórtice cuántico programable

W J Kwon1,2, G Del Pace3,4, K Xhani3,4

  • 1European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy. kwon@lens.unifi.it.

Nature
|December 2, 2021
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los vórtices cuánticos pierden energía a través de la radiación sonora, no de la difusión. Los experimentos revelan que las cuasipartículas fermiónicas tienen un impacto significativo en esta disipación, ofreciendo nuevas ideas sobre el decaimiento de la turbulencia cuántica.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La hidrodinámica cuántica
  • Física de la materia condensada
  • Gases atómicos ultrafríos

Sus antecedentes:

  • La dinámica de vórtice en fluidos cuánticos difiere de los fluidos clásicos debido a la circulación cuantizada.
  • La disipación de la energía del vórtice es crucial para comprender la desintegración de la turbulencia cuántica en varios sistemas.
  • Las firmas experimentales de dinámicas de vórtice irreversibles son escasas, lo que dificulta una comprensión profunda.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar los mecanismos elementales de la dinámica de vórtice irreversible en los fluidos cuánticos.
  • Para desacoplar la emisión de sonido de la fricción mutua en la relajación de la energía del vórtice.
  • Para explorar nuevas vías para el decaimiento de la turbulencia cuántica.

Principales métodos:

  • Realización de un colisionador de vórtice programable en un superfluido de Fermi atómico plano y homogéneo.
  • Creación y monitoreo de configuraciones de vórtice bajo demanda utilizando gases Fermi ultrafríos.
  • Colisiones de ingeniería dentro y entre los pares vórtice-antivórtice.

Principales resultados:

  • Visualización directa de la radiación de pulso de sonido durante la aniquilación del dipolo del vórtice.
  • Observación de la dinámica de disipación no universal en diferentes regímenes de superfluidos.
  • Evidencia de una contribución significativa de las cuasipartículas fermiónicas a la disipación del vórtice.

Conclusiones:

  • Las cuasipartículas fermiónicas localizadas en núcleos de vórtice juegan un papel clave en la disipación.
  • El estudio proporciona una nueva plataforma experimental para investigar la dinámica del vórtice cuántico.
  • Los hallazgos abren vías para explorar las contribuciones de vórtice por vórtice al decaimiento de la turbulencia cuántica.