La fosfolipidación zwitteriónica de polímeros catiónicos facilita el suministro sistémico de ARNm al bazo y a los
Shuai Liu1, Xu Wang1, Xueliang Yu1
1Department of Biochemistry, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 8, 2021
Resumen
Los polímeros fosfolípidos zwitteriónicos (ZPP) mejoran la entrega de ARN mensajero (ARNm) al mejorar la estabilidad sérica y el escape endosómico. Este nuevo enfoque permite la entrega dirigida de ARNm al bazo y a los ganglios linfáticos para posibles inmunoterapias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de los biomateriales
- Química de los polímeros
- La nanomedicina
Sus antecedentes:
- Las terapias de ARN mensajero (ARNm) son prometedoras, pero se enfrentan a desafíos en la administración sistémica.
- Los polímeros catiónicos, comunes para la entrega de ARNm, sufren de baja estabilidad sérica y escape endosómico.
- La mejora de la eficacia de los sistemas de entrega de ARNm es crucial para las aplicaciones terapéuticas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y sintetizar polímeros fosfolípidos zwitteriónicos (ZPP) para mejorar la entrega de ARNm.
- Para superar las limitaciones de los polímeros catiónicos en la estabilidad sérica y el escape endosómico.
- Para lograr una entrega de ARNm dirigida al bazo y a los ganglios linfáticos.
Principales métodos:
- Posmodificación de polímeros catiónicos con óxidos de dioxofosfolano alquilados para crear ZPP.
- Síntesis combinatoria de estructuras poliméricas zwitteriónicas sintonizables.
- Evaluación in vitro e in vivo de las ZPP para la eficacia de la entrega de ARNm y la biodistribución.
Principales resultados:
- Los ZPP demostraron una expresión de proteínas significativamente mejorada en comparación con los polímeros catiónicos originales in vitro (hasta 39.500 veces más).
- La administración intravenosa de ZPPs dio lugar a una administración selectiva de ARNm al bazo y a los ganglios linfáticos in vivo.
- La estrategia de postmodificación mejoró con éxito la resistencia sérica y el escape endosómico.
Conclusiones:
- La fosfolipidación zwitteriónica es un método versátil para mejorar los polímeros catiónicos para la entrega de ARNm.
- Los ZPP ofrecen una plataforma prometedora para la entrega de ARNm dirigido, particularmente para aplicaciones inmunoterapéuticas.
- Este enfoque proporciona una estrategia generalizable para el desarrollo de vehículos avanzados de entrega de ARNm.
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