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Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

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Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...

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La convección impulsada por la sublimación en Sputnik Planitia en Plutón

Adrien Morison¹, Stéphane Labrosse², Gaël Choblet³

¹Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.

|December 16, 2021

Resumen

La convección impulsada por la sublimación explica los patrones de superficie poligonal de Sputnik Planitia en Plutón. Este proceso requiere un menor flujo de calor basal o un mayor contraste de viscosidad dentro de la capa de hielo de nitrógeno.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias planetarias
La geofísica
Procesos de superficie

Sus antecedentes:

Sputnik Planitia en Plutón tiene patrones de superficie poligonales únicos.
Los modelos anteriores que involucraban la convección en estado sólido no pudieron replicar la topografía observada de polígonos planos y estrechos hoyos.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para investigar el papel de la sublimación de la superficie en la conducción de la convección dentro de la cuenca de hielo de nitrógeno de Sputnik Planitia.
Para conciliar los modelos de convección con la morfología de la superficie observada.

Principales métodos:

Modelado numérico de los procesos de convección dentro de Sputnik Planitia de Plutón.
Análisis de los efectos de la variación del flujo de calor basal y el contraste de viscosidad del hielo en los patrones de superficie.

Principales resultados:

La convección impulsada por sublimación reproduce con éxito las estructuras poligonales observadas.
El modelo indica un flujo de calor basal más bajo (~ 0,3 mW m-2) que los valores aceptados anteriormente.
Alternativamente, el flujo de calor comúnmente aceptado (2-3 mW m-2) puede sostener estos patrones con un contraste de viscosidad significativamente mayor (~ 3,000).

Conclusiones:

La sublimación de la superficie es un mecanismo clave que impulsa la convección y da forma a la superficie de Sputnik Planitia.
Los hallazgos sugieren una comprensión revisada del flujo de calor y las propiedades del material dentro del hielo de nitrógeno de Plutón.