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Transformando las representaciones del movimiento del cuerpo al espacio centrado en el mundo
Jenny Lu1, Amir H Behbahani2, Lydia Hamburg3
1Department of Neurobiology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|December 16, 2021
Resumen
Las moscas de la fruta transforman la información del movimiento en coordenadas centradas en el mundo en su cerebro. Las neuronas específicas (PFNd y PFNv) en el cuerpo en forma de abanico combinan las señales de rumbo y velocidad para la navegación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia
- El comportamiento de los animales
- Neurociencia computacional
Sus antecedentes:
- Los animales navegan utilizando información sensorial y comandos motores, lo que requiere que los datos centrados en el cuerpo se conviertan en coordenadas centradas en el mundo.
- Los mecanismos neuronales para transformar la velocidad de traslación en un marco de referencia mundial siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar cómo el cerebro de la mosca transforma la velocidad de traslación centrada en el cuerpo en coordenadas centradas en el mundo para la navegación.
- Para identificar los circuitos neuronales específicos y los tipos de células involucradas en este cálculo.
Principales métodos:
- Registros electrofisiológicos y manipulaciones genéticas en Drosophila melanogaster.
- Análisis de las respuestas neuronales que codifican la velocidad de traslación y el rumbo durante la locomoción.
- Trazando las vías neuronales y los patrones de conectividad.
Principales resultados:
- Neuronas PFNd y PFNv identificadas en el cuerpo en forma de abanico que codifican conjuntivamente la velocidad de traslación y el rumbo.
- Se demostró que estas neuronas multiplican las señales de velocidad con la información de dirección.
- Se demostró que las neuronas hΔB aguas abajo representan la velocidad de traslación en coordenadas centradas en el mundo.
Conclusiones:
- El cuerpo en forma de abanico en Drosophila es una región clave del cerebro para transformar la velocidad centrada en el cuerpo en representaciones centradas en el mundo.
- Un motivo de red neuronal que involucra a las neuronas PFNd, PFNv y hΔB implementa esta transformación de coordenadas.
- Este cálculo es crucial para la integración de rutas y la formación de memoria espacial.
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