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Ventanas inteligentes termocrómicas escalables con regulación pasiva de la refrigeración por radiación
Shancheng Wang1,2, Tengyao Jiang3,4, Yun Meng1,2
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 16, 2021
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron ventanas inteligentes utilizando refrigeración radiativa para reducir el uso de energía en los edificios. Estas ventanas ajustan automáticamente la refrigeración en función de la temperatura, ofreciendo eficiencia energética para diversos climas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de los materiales
- Energía sostenible
- Física de la construcción
Sus antecedentes:
- Los materiales de enfriamiento radiativo aprovechan la emisión de ondas infrarrojas largas (LWIR) al espacio para el enfriamiento pasivo, ideal para las estaciones calurosas.
- Si bien se aplica a paredes y techos, el enfriamiento radiativo para ventanas, una fuente importante de ineficiencia en los edificios, sigue siendo poco explorado.
- Las ventanas inteligentes ofrecen un potencial de ahorro de energía mediante la gestión de la ganancia de calor solar y la transferencia de calor radiativo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para fabricar ventanas inteligentes escalables utilizando principios de refrigeración por radiación.
- Para lograr una emisividad sintonizable en el infrarrojo de onda larga (LWIR) para la regulación dinámica de la temperatura.
- Para mantener la transparencia de la luz visible y la modulación del infrarrojo cercano (NIR) para aplicaciones de ventanas funcionales.
Principales métodos:
- Fabricación de ventanas inteligentes mediante un proceso de solución escalable.
- Materiales de ingeniería con una emisividad LWIR distinta a temperaturas altas (εLWIR-H = 0,61) y bajas (εLWIR-L = 0,21)
- Caracterización de las propiedades ópticas visibles, NIR y LWIR y de la emisividad dependiente de la temperatura.
Principales resultados:
- Fabricación exitosa de ventanas inteligentes con emisividad dependiente de la temperatura.
- Se ha demostrado la regulación automática del enfriamiento radiativo mediante la variación de la emisividad LWIR.
- Se logra la transparencia luminosa simultánea y la modulación NIR junto con el control LWIR.
Conclusiones:
- Se han desarrollado ventanas inteligentes pasivas y autoadaptables para el enfriamiento dinámico por radiación.
- Estas ventanas ofrecen una regulación independiente en los espectros visible, NIR y LWIR.
- La tecnología es prometedora para aplicaciones de edificios energéticamente eficientes en varias zonas climáticas.
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