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Oscilaciones de muy alta frecuencia en el pico principal de una llamarada gigante de magnetar
A J Castro-Tirado1,2, N Østgaard3, E Göǧüş4
1Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IAA-CSIC), Granada, Spain.
Nature
|December 23, 2021
Resumen
Se detectaron oscilaciones cuasi periódicas de frecuencia extremadamente alta (QPOs) durante una llamarada gigante de magnetar. Estos hallazgos ofrecen nuevos conocimientos sobre la física magnetar y los eventos cósmicos energéticos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Astronomía y astrofísica
- Astrofísica de altas energías
- Física de las estrellas de neutrones
Sus antecedentes:
- Los magnetares son estrellas de neutrones aisladas con campos magnéticos extremadamente fuertes (hasta 10 ^ 15 Gauss).
- Los magnetares exhiben poderosas llamaradas gigantes, emitiendo intensos rayos X y rayos gamma.
- Se han observado oscilaciones casi periódicas (QPOs) durante las llamaradas magnetares, pero su importancia y ubicación (cola de la llamarada) se han debatido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para reportar la observación de QPOs de alta frecuencia durante el pico principal de una llamarada gigante de magnetar.
- Investigar las características e implicaciones de estas QPO para comprender el comportamiento de los magnetares.
Principales métodos:
- Observación de una llamarada gigante de rayos gamma desde la dirección de la galaxia NGC 253 el 15 de abril de 2020.
- Utilizó el instrumento de monitoreo de interacciones entre la atmósfera y el espacio (ASIM) en la Estación Espacial Internacional para la detección.
- Se analizaron los datos de la fase de ráfaga principal (0,8-3,2 milisegundos) en todo el rango de energía sin efectos de saturación.
Principales resultados:
- Detectó dos QPOs amplios a aproximadamente 2,132 Hz y 4,250 Hz durante el pico principal de la llamarada gigante.
- Estos QPOs de alta frecuencia desaparecieron en 3,5 milisegundos.
- Se han observado variaciones espectrales repentinas simultáneas con las OCP.
Conclusiones:
- La detección de QPOs en el pico principal de una llamarada gigante magnetar desafía las observaciones anteriores que los localizaron en la cola de la llamarada.
- Estas oscilaciones de frecuencia extremadamente alta proporcionan datos cruciales para refinar los modelos de la física de los magnetares y los mecanismos de llamaradas gigantes.
- Los hallazgos subrayan la importancia de los instrumentos capaces de capturar eventos rápidos y de alta energía sin saturación.
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