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Temperatura de fondo de microondas con un desplazamiento al rojo de 6,34 desde la absorción de H2O

Dominik A Riechers¹, Axel Weiss², Fabian Walter^3,4

¹I. Physikalisches Institut, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany. riechers@ph1.uni-koeln.de.

|February 3, 2022

Resumen

Los científicos midieron la temperatura del fondo cósmico de microondas en el corrimiento al rojo 6.34 usando la absorción de moléculas de agua en una galaxia distante de explosión estelar. Este hallazgo apoya el modelo cosmológico estándar

Área de la Ciencia:

Cosmología
La astrofísica
Espectroscopia

Sus antecedentes:

Las mediciones de temperatura del fondo cósmico de microondas (CMB) son cruciales para comprender el Universo temprano.
Las estimaciones anteriores de la temperatura de la CMB se limitaban a desplazamientos al rojo bajos (z < 3,3) y algunas dependían del modelo.
El modelo estándar de materia oscura fría lambda (ΛCDM) predice una relación específica entre la temperatura de la CMB y el corrimiento al rojo (T_CMB (1+z)).

Objetivo del estudio:

Para medir la temperatura de la CMB con un desplazamiento al rojo más alto (z = 6,34) para probar el modelo ΛCDM.
Para sondear la era dominada por la materia del Universo.
Para investigar las propiedades térmicas de una galaxia distante.

Principales métodos:

Absorción de línea submilimétrica observada de la transición orto-H2O ((110-101) en la galaxia de estallido estelar HFLS3.
Utilizó el CMB como fuente de fondo para las mediciones de absorción.
Analizó el bombeo radiativo de las moléculas de agua debido a la actividad de la explosión estelar.

Principales resultados:

Absorción de moléculas de agua detectada frente al CMB en z = 6,34.
Inferido una temperatura de CMB de 16.430.2 K (1σ) en z = 6.34.
Se ha observado un enfriamiento de la transición de la molécula de agua por debajo de la temperatura del CMB debido al bombeo radiativo.

Conclusiones:

La temperatura del CMB medida en z = 6.34 es consistente con la escala (1+z) predicha por la cosmología ΛCDM.
Este estudio extiende las mediciones directas de temperatura CMB a un desplazamiento al rojo significativamente mayor.
La actividad de estallido de estrellas en las galaxias puede influir en la excitación de las líneas moleculares en relación con el CMB.

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