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Enfermedad del legionario en Vermont, de mayo a octubre de 1977
JAMA
|July 14, 1978
Resumen
Legionarios y legionarias.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
Sus antecedentes:
- La enfermedad del legionario es una neumonía grave.
- Los brotes pueden plantear desafíos significativos para la salud pública.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir las características clínicas y los resultados de un brote de enfermedad del legionario en Vermont en 1977.
- Para identificar los factores asociados con la gravedad de la enfermedad y la mortalidad.
Principales métodos:
- Serie de casos retrospectivos de casos confirmados y probables de la enfermedad de los legionarios.
- Los criterios de diagnóstico incluyeron pruebas directas de anticuerpos fluorescentes y títulos serológicos.
- Se recopilaron datos clínicos sobre los síntomas, las afecciones subyacentes y el curso de la enfermedad.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron 56 casos de enfermedad del legionario entre mayo y octubre de 1977.
- El 86% de los pacientes tenían enfermedades crónicas subyacentes; 39% eran inmunocomprometidos.
- Los síntomas comunes incluían fiebre, tos, escalofríos y malestar; el 98% había verificado neumonía.
- 17 pacientes (30%) murieron, con resultados que van desde neumonía leve hasta insuficiencia respiratoria.
Conclusiones:
- La enfermedad del legionario se presentaba con características clínicas variables, a menudo imitando otras neumonías.
- El rápido inicio de fiebre alta y leucocitosis con cultivos respiratorios negativos sugirió el diagnóstico durante la epidemia.
- Enfermedades crónicas subyacentes y inmunocompromiso eran comunes en los individuos afectados.
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